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INTRODUCTIONWe developed demographically‐adjusted normative data for Spanish‐ and English‐speaking Latinos on the Version 3.0 of the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set Neuropsychological Battery (UDS3‐NB).METHODSHealthy Latino adults (N = 437) age 50–94 (191 Spanish‐ and 246 English‐speaking) enrolled in Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers completed the UDS3‐NB in their preferred language. Normative data were developed via multiple linear regression models on UDS3‐NB raw scores stratified by language group with terms for demographic characteristics (age, years of formal education, and sex).RESULTSYounger age and more years of education were associated with better performance on most tests in both language groups, with education being particularly influential on raw scores among Spanish‐speakers. Sex effects varied across tests and language groups.DISCUSSIONThese normative data are a crucial step toward improving diagnostic accuracy of the UDS3‐NB for neurocognitive disorders among Latinos in the United States and addressing disparities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Highlights We developed normative data on the UDS3‐NB for Latinos in the US ages 50–94. Younger age and more years of education were linked to better raw scores in several cognitive tests. Education was particularly influential on raw scores among Spanish‐speakers. Sex effects varied across tests and between English‐ and Spanish‐speaking Latinos. These normative data might improve diagnostic accuracy of the UDS3‐NB among Latinos.

Figure. Treatment effect of vericiguat on total HF events adjudicated by the CEC and with the addition of PHF events. CEC indicates clinical events committee; HF, heart failure; and PHF, possible heart failure.

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate relationships between swallowing difficulty (dysphagia) and social determinants of health (SDOH) in older adults ≥65 years. Method: Cross-sectional analyses were performed in community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries from the National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS). The primary exposure was self-reported difficulty chewing/swallowing in the prior month. Dependent measures included a variety of SDOH outcomes (e.g., food insecurity [FI]). Weighted logistic regression models were estimated to determine associations between dysphagia and SDOH outcomes. Results: Of 4041 participants, 428 (10.6%) self-reported dysphagia. In the adjusted model, dysphagia was associated with significantly increased odds for FI (odds ratio [OR] = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06, 2.07, p = .023) and being homebound (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.55, p= < .001). Discussion: Older adults with dysphagia had increased odds of FI and being homebound. These associations have implications for health-promoting interventions at the individual and policy levels in older adults.

Study Objective: Shiftwork increases risk for numerous chronic diseases, which is hypothesized to be linked to disruption of circadian timing of lifestyle behaviors. However, empirical data on timing of lifestyle behaviors in real-world shift workers are lacking. To address this, we characterized the regularity of timing of lifestyle behaviors in shift-working police trainees. Methods: Using a two-group observational study design (N=18), we compared lifestyle behavior timing during 6 weeks of in-class training during dayshift, followed by 6 weeks of field-based training during either dayshift or nightshift. Lifestyle behavior timing, including sleep/wake patterns, physical activity, and meals, was captured using wearable activity trackers and mobile devices. The regularity of lifestyle behavior timing was quantified as an index score, which reflects day-to-day stability on a 24h time scale: Sleep Regularity Index (SRI), Physical Activity Regularity Index (PARI) and Mealtime Regularity Index (MRI). Logistic regression was applied to these indices to develop a composite score, termed the Behavior Regularity Index (BRI). Results: Transitioning from dayshift to nightshift significantly worsened the BRI, relative to maintaining a dayshift schedule. Specifically, nightshift led to more irregular sleep/wake timing and meal timing; physical activity timing was not impacted. In contrast, maintaining a dayshift schedule did not impact regularity indices. Conclusion: Nightshift imposed irregular timing of lifestyle behaviors, which is consistent with the hypothesis that circadian disruption contributes to chronic disease risk in shift workers. How to mitigate the negative impact of shiftwork on human health as mediated by irregular timing of sleep/wake patterns and meals deserves exploration.