This study is to evaluate whether it is possible to predict living stature from sacral and coccygeal vertebral dimensions. Individual vertebral body heights, sacral height(SH), and sacrococcygeal height (SCH) were recorded from the magnetic resonance images of 42 adult males. Sum of the heights of five sacral vertebrae (ΣS), the first four coccygeal vertebrae (ΣC), and the total height of the sacral and the first four coccygeal vertebrae together (ΣSC) were also recorded. Linear regression equations for stature estimation were produced using the above mentioned variables. The regression equations were constructed and tested by using jack-knife procedure. Statistical analyses indicated that the combined variables (SH, SCH, ΣS, ΣC, ΣSC) were more accurate predictors of stature than the heights of individual vertebrae. The results of the study pointed out that the equations derived from sacrococcygeal dimensions perform somewhat better than ones based on foot and head variables, but worse than those based on long-bone length. As a conclusion, the dimensions of sacral and coccygeal vertebrae could be used for stature estimation when long bones are not available.
Background/Aims: Anatomical variation of the abdominal arteries is important. Historic and modern anatomists, radiologists, as well as surgeons have reported and accumulated anatomical variations with a morphological and clinical interest. During graft procurement and reconstruction, accidental injury of the hepatic artery is more likely in the presence of hepatic arterial variation, which can be a common clinical entity. During cadaveric dissection and diagnostic radiological imaging, various types of vascular anomalies are frequently found in human abdominal viscera, especially the celiac trunk. The aim of the present study is to determine anatomical variations in the celiac trunk and hepatic arterial system. Materials and Methods: Digital subtraction angiography data were collected from 152 consecutive donor patients (103 males and 49 females, aged between 6 and 77 years) who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation. Results: We examined the anatomy of the celiac trunk in a total of 152 consecutive patients. In total, 62.5% (95/152) of patients showed the classical trifurcation of the celiac trunk. Variant right hepatic arteries arising from the superior mesenteric artery were observed in 17.8% (27/152), the hepatic arteries arising from the left gastric artery were found in 13.1% (20/152), and common hepatic arteries arising from the superior mesenteric artery were observed in 6.6% (10/152) of patients. Conclusion: These data are useful for planning and performing surgical and radiological procedures of the upper abdomen.
There was no cerebellar asymmetry between compared groups. The stereological evaluation of cerebellar asymmetry in humans correlate with both gender and age groups is of importance for both clinicians and anatomists. The technique is simple, reliable, unbiased and inexpensive.
In forensic and anthropological studies, body height is usually estimated from a single regression formula of the population of interest. The aim of this study was to test the accuracy of regression formulae devised for different stature groups (short, medium, tall) within the same population. Our study is based on 242 adult male subjects aged 18.1-44.6 years. Body height, tibia length, and ulna length were measured by standard anthropometric techniques. The subjects were randomly divided into a study group (Group 1, n = 121) and a cross-validation group (Group 2, n = 121). In the first stage of the study, general regression formulae based on ulna length, tibia length, and a multiple equation based on ulna and tibia lengths were created for Group 1, and these equations were tested using the data and actual heights of the Group 2 subjects. In the second stage of the study, stature group-specific formulae were constructed for the same variable(s) (ulna length, tibia length, and both of them). Since the body height of the victims is unknown in cases for which estimations need to be made, Group 2 was categorized according to long bone (ulna, tibia, and ulna + tibia) lengths, using the 15th and 85th percentiles as cut-off points. Each set of group-specific formulae were tested with the cross-validation sample. The differences between the true and estimated heights were evaluated using the paired t-test, and results of the general formulae were compared with those of each of the stature group-specific formulae. Our results suggest that stature group-specific formulae give more accurate estimates of height, and that this is particularly significant for individuals who are short or tall relative to the average of a population.
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