Peach production in Georgia, USA, extends from mid-May to mid-August. Multiple cultivars are commercially grown in the U.S., and each cultivar has unique fruit quality characteristics, which could influence consumer perception and acceptability. Among those, peach flavor has been minimally characterized among cultivars. Headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME) combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to characterize the volatile profile of 42 peach cultivars commercially grown in 2016. The goal of this research was to understand the aroma composition and content of peach cultivars grown in Georgia, USA. Thirty-six volatile compounds were identified. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.0001) were observed for all the flavor volatiles across all cultivars being evaluated. Esters were the major compounds isolated from the 42 peach cultivars, followed by lactones, alcohols, aldehydes, and terpenoids, in that order. Lactones, benzaldehyde, and linalool, which are known to be peach aroma compounds, exhibited the highest mean concentrations among the cultivars with ɣ- and δ-decalactones having a concentration of approximately 180 ng·g−1 and 60 ng·g−1, respectively. Among the cultivars, “Majestic” had the highest mean concentration of ɣ-decalactone, followed by “Southern Pearl” with approximately 503 ng·g−1 and 443 ng·g−1, respectively. “Southern Pearl” and “Fairtime” also exhibited the highest average concentration of δ-decalactone. The results obtained will help provide an understanding of the distribution of the various volatile organic compounds found in Georgia-grown peach cultivars.
Prunus serotina is divided into five subspecies. Among these, P. serotina subsp. capuli, commonly known as capuli, is native to Central and South America. Its fruits are big, sweet, and consumed by locals in various forms, with the Ecuadorian Andes region providing the best fruit forms of capuli. The objective of this study was to characterize a collection of different genotypes of capuli’s fruit, and their endocarps, found growing in the wild in the Chimborazo, Tungurahua, and Cotopaxi provinces of Ecuador. The fruits were characterized for weight (11.7–50.3 g), diameter (12.4–21.7 mm), height (11.4–19.7 mm), and soluble solids content (SSC) (13.4–27.6 °Brix) across two years. Similarly, the endocarps’ diameters (7.5–12.2 mm) and heights (8.1–13.6 mm) were measured. Significant differences were found for all the fruit and endocarp variables studied. A multivariate analysis showed that all the fruit and endocarp size characteristics, except SSC, were positively correlated with each other within a season. No clear population differentiation was seen among the genotypes from different provinces, suggesting a lack of clear morphological differentiation. The future breeding and selection of a capuli with superior, commercial, large fruit and a high SSC shows great potential.
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