Measurement TechniquesNon-invasive quantification of diaphragm kinetics using m-mode sonography Purpose: The standard conditions of spirometry (i.e., wearing a noseclip and breathing through a mouthpiece and a pneumotachograph) are likely to alter the ventilatory pattern. We used "time-motion" mode (M-mode) sonography to assess the changes in diaphragm kinetics induced by spirometry during quiet breathing.Methods: An M-mode sonographic study of the right diaphragm was performed before and during standard spirometry in eight pa~ents without respiratory disease (age 34 to 68 yr).Results: During spirometry, the diaphragm inspiratory amplitude (DIA) increased from 1.34 + 0.18 cm to 1.80 + 0, 18 cm (P = 0,007), whereas the diaphragmatic inspiratory time (T, diaph) increased from 1.27 -+_ 0.15 to 1.53 + 0.23 sec, (P = 0.015), without change in diaphragmatic total time interval (-I-tot diaph). Therefore, the diaphragm duty cycle (T, diaph /Ttot diaph) increased from 38% +--I% to 44% _ 496 (P = 0.023). The diaphragm inspiratory (DIV) and expiratory (DEV) motion velocity increased (P = 0.007).Conclusion: M-mode sonography enabled us to demonstrate that the wearing of a nose clip and breathing through a mouthpiece and a pneumotachograph induce measurable changes in diaphragm kinetics.Object-if : Les conditions de la spirom&ne standard (c.-,~-d. le port du pince-nez et la respiration ~ travers un embout buccal et un pneumotacographe) sont susceptibles d'altErer la morphologie de la ventilation. Nous avons utilisE le mode ~temps-amplitude,, (mode M) de la sonographie pour 6valuer les changements de la cinEtique diaphragmatique provoquEs par la spiromEtne pendant la respiration de repos.R~sultats : Pendant la spiromEtrie, I'amplitude inspiratoire diaphragmataque augmentait de 1,34 + 0, 18 ~ 1,80 +-0, 18 cm (P = 0,007), alors que le temps diaphragmatique inspiratoire (T, diaph) augmentmt de 1,27 _+ 0, I 5 ,~ 1,53 z 0,23 sec (P = 0,015), sans changement du temps diaphragmatique total (Trot diaph). Par consequent, le temps de I'activitE diaphragmatique (T, diaph/Ttot diaph) augmentait de 38 +_ I 96 ,~ 44 + 496 (P=0,023). La v41ocit4 de I'amplitude inspiratolre et expiratoire augmentait (P = 0,007).Conclusion : La sonographie en mode M nous a permis de dEmontrer que le port du pince-nez et la respiration h travers un embout buccal et un pneumotacographe provoquent des changements tangibles de la cin4tique diaphragmatique.From the
Thirty-nine consecutive patients with consolidated lung confirmed radiologically underwent sonography, and their sonograms were compared with results for 100 healthy subjects. The hyperechoic line of normal aerated lung and its air artifacts showed respiratory motions ("gliding sign," n = 100). Patients with pneumonia demonstrated distinct sonographic patterns. Strong linear echoes with characteristic air artifacts (air bronchogram) and anechoic tubular structures (fluid bronchogram) were visualized in 36 of 39 patients (92.30%). The superficial lung showed a homogeneous hypoechoic band termed "superficial fluid alveolograms" (n = 39) with respiratory motions in 35 of 39 patients. We conclude that sonography can evaluate pulmonary consolidation and may provide additional roentgenographic information, especially when fluid bronchograms are visualized.
Ultrasonography is considered to have limited application in respiratory diseases because air reflects sound waves. Twenty-four patients with radiologically confirmed pneumothorax and 100 healthy subjects underwent sonography. In all normal subjects, the hyperechoic pulmonary interface showed respiratory motions termed the "gliding sign" with some comet-tail artifacts. Sonographic signs were shown in all pneumothoraces: disappearance of the gliding sign and no comet tails. The extent of collapse cannot be evaluated, but it is possible to determine its area in partial pneumothorax (N = 5). The follow-up (N = 8) showed the reappearance of the gliding sign. Ultrasonography may be helpful in diagnosing pneumothorax in certain cases.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.