RESUMENEn la actualidad despliegan en la misión de la Fuerza Internacional de Asistencia a la Seguridad (ISAF) aproximadamente 1500 militares españoles y 40 Guardias Civiles. Este contingente se distribuye principalmente en las localidades de Qala i Now, Herat, Ludina, Muqur y Kabul. La sanidad militar española está presente en estos destacamentos, sus miembros están cumpliendo su misión y se están obteniendo importantes experiencias sobre el terreno. El objetivo del presente estudio es describir cuál es el personal sanitario desplegado, su ubicación, las capacidades materiales de cada escalón, su función y las lecciones identificadas por los autores durante sus estancias en la zona de operaciones de Afganistán.PALABRAS CLAVE: Escalón médico, ISAF, Afganistán.
Deployment and medical capabilities in the west region of Afghanistan (Badghis and Herat provinces) from august to november 2012SUMMARY: Actually, in International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) are deployed approximately 1500 Spanish soldiers and 40 Guardia Civil members. This force is located in Qala I Now, Herat, Ludina, Muqur and Kabul. The Spanish medical Corp is in these camps too, their members are carry out the mission and they are learning important medical experiences in the field. The objective is to show which is the medical personnel deployed, position, material capability in each echelon, function and the lessons identified by authors during their deployment in Afghanistan.
Since 1987, the Spanish Armed Forces have deployed their troops in a multitude of conflicts and natural disasters worldwide. The Spanish Military Medical Corps has the ability to deploy Role 1, Role 2, and one Role 3 medical treatment facilities. It also has a Role 4 in operation, the "Gómez Ulla" Central Hospital of Defense, in Madrid. The aim of this study is to describe the type of Spanish casualties evacuated from different areas of operation to the Role 4 from 2008 to 2013. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 232 patients. Among these, 211 (91%) were noncombat casualties: 126 because of illness, 53 because of an accident, and 32 because of sports injuries. The remaining 21 (9%) were combat casualties: 11 from improvised explosive devices and 10 from gunfire. Afghanistan, followed by Lebanon, is the operational area where most evacuees originate. The authors consider it essential that the Spanish Armed Forces rely on a Role 4 medical treatment facility as part of their medical support to international operations.
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