Aiming at improving the computational eciency without accuracy losses for surface water ow simulation, this paper presents a structured but non-uniform grid system incorporated into a Godunov-type nite volume scheme. The proposed grid system can detect the key topographic features in the computational domain where high-resolution mesh is in need for reliably solving the shallow water equations. The mesh renement is automatically carried out in these areas while the mesh in the rest of the domain remains coarse. The criterion determining the renement is suggested by a dimensionless number with a xed value of 0.2 after sensitivity analysis. Three laboratory and eld-scale test cases are employed to demonstrate the performance of the model for ow simulations on the new non-uniform grids. In all of the tests, the grid system is shown to successfully generate high-resolution mesh only in those areas with abruptly changing topographic features that dominate the ooding processes. To produce numerical solutions of similar accuracy, the non-uniform grid based model is able to accelerate by about two times comparing with the ne uniform grid based counterpart.
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