BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Severe acute respiratory syndrome Corona virus 2(SARS-COV-2) has infected millions of people worldwide and caused a pandemic that is still ongoing. The virus can cause a disease named as COVID -19, which is composed of multisystem manifestations with a pulmonary system predominance. So, COVID-19 has shown high infection and mortality rates all over the world. After infection survivors are dealing with wide variety of effects and complications. All these issues to be included in a clinical case definition of post COVID -19 condition. Since the lungs are the most involved organs and the post COVID-19 prolonged and persistent effects are mainly related to the pulmonary system. Post COVID-19 complications leads to fibrosis and loss of function of respiratory system. So, early pulmonary rehabilitation and exercise therapy among COVID -19 survivors is very important. The balloon blowing exercise is one of the cost effective, beneficial breathing exercise pattern. The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of balloon blowing technique on Peak expiratory flow rate, Exercise tolerance and Quality of life of Post COVID-19 survivors. METHODOLOGY: 30 subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, then divided in to two groups. Group A (Experimental group n= 15) received both Balloon blowing technique and Diaphragmatic breathing exercise, Group B (control group n=15) received Diaphragmatic breathing exercise. Exercise program was held for 3 sets per day.10 minutes for Diaphragmatic breathing exercise and 30 minutes for Balloon blowing technique regularly for 8 weeks. The Exercise tolerance, Peak expiratory flow rate and Quality of life were measured at the beginning and eighth week after intervention using Six minute walk test, Peak flow meter and St. George respiratory questionnaire. RESULT: The results were analysed using paired and independent t test. The significant level was kept as p< 0.05. The post test result in case of Peak expiratory flow, p < 0.05, shows there is a significant difference in post test scores between experimental and control group. The post test result in case of Exercise tolerance, p<0.05, which shows that there is a significant difference in post test score between experimental and control group. The post test result in case of Quality of life, p < 0.05 , which shows that there is significant difference in post test score between experimental and control group. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that, there is improvement in Peak expiratory flow rate, Exercise tolerance and Quality of life in experimental and control group. The experimental group shows more significant improvement than control group in all the three parameters. Key words: Post COVID-19, Balloon blowing technique (BBT), Diaphragmatic breathing exercise, Exercise tolerance, Six minute walk test, Peak expiratory flow rate, Quality of life.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory tract disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2). Post COVID-19 condition is defined as the illness that occurs in people who have a history of probable or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, usually 3 months from the onset of COVID-19 with symptoms that can last for few months to many years post recovery. Post COVID-19 patients are facing a lot of persistent symptoms such as increased interstitial thickening, evidence of fibrosis, decreased peak expiratory flow rate due to diminished respiratory muscle strength and decreased quality of life. These persistent symptoms will lead to pulmonary complications causing morbidity and mortality. So, pulmonary rehabilitation among Post COVID-19 patients is very important to prevent pulmonary complications. Pulmonary rehabilitation is effective, feasible and safe to improve exercise performance, lung function and quality of life in Post COVID-19 patients. The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of Aerobic exercise on peak expiratory flow rate, exercise capacity and quality of life in Post COVID-19 patients. METHODOLOGY: 30 subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, then divided equally into two groups. Group A (Experimental group n=15) received aerobic exercise and diaphragmatic breathing exercise (40 minutes of aerobic exercise and 10 minutes of diaphragmatic breathing exercise). Group B (Control group n=15) received diaphragmatic breathing exercise (10 minutes of diaphragmatic breathing exercise). Exercise program was held for five days a week for 5 weeks. Peak expiratory flow rate, exercise capacity and quality of life were measured at the beginning and five weeks after intervention using peak expiratory flow meter, 6-minute walk test and SF-36 questionnaire. RESULT: The results were analysed using paired and unpaired t test. The significant level was kept as p<0.05. The post test result in case of peak expiratory flow rate, p< 0.05, shows there is a significant difference in post test scores between experimental and control group. The post test result in case of exercise capacity, p< 0.05, shows there is a significant difference in post test scores between experimental and control group. The post test result in case of Physical Component Summary (PCS), p< 0.001, shows there is a significant difference in post test scores between experimental and control group. The post test result in case of Mental Component Summary (MCS), p< 0.001, shows there is a significant difference in post test scores between experimental and control group. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that, there is improvement in peak expiratory flow rate, exercise capacity and quality of life in experimental and control group. The experimental group shows more significant improvement than control group in all the three parameters. Key words: Post COVID-19, Aerobic exercise, Diaphragmatic breathing exercise, Peak expiratory flow rate, Exercise capacity, Six-minute walk test, Quality of life.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Menopause is a natural process that occurs when a woman's menstrual period stops, and post-menopause occurs when she hasn't had a period for at least a year. Along with a myriad of symptoms, women following menopause are more likely to gain weight, particularly around the abdomen. Their lung function is compromised, and central obesity increases the chance of acquiring a number of disorders, including cardiovascular and neurological illnesses. The goal of the study was to see how abdominal muscle exercise affected PEFR, Waist-Hip ratio, and abdominal strength in postmenopausal women who were overweight or obese. METHODOLOGY: A total of 30 subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, then divided into two groups. Group A (Experimental group n= 15) received abdominal muscle exercise, Group B (control group n=15) did not receive any sort of exercise and went about their daily routines as usual. For six weeks, the exercise programme was held three times a week on alternate days (35 minutes). PEFR, waist hip ratio, and abdominal strength were measured using a Peak flow meter, inch tape method, and abdominal MMT at the start and six weeks following intervention, respectively. RESULTS: Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Waist Hip Ratio, and Abdominal Strength all improved among and between groups, according to the data (using paired and unpaired t test respectively). When compared to the control group, the Experimental group exhibited significantly greater improvement in all three parameters. CONCLUSION: In obese/overweight postmenopausal women, a well-planned exercise intervention programme containing abdominal muscle exercise is helpful in improving Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Waist Hip Ratio, and Abdominal strength. Key words: Post menopause, Abdominal muscle exercise, PEFR, Abdominal strength, Waist Hip Ratio
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