En se penchant sur les films documentaires des prêtres-cinéastes entre 1930 et 1960, cet article montre d’abord que la collecte ethnographique caractérise les oeuvres des sept prêtres à l’étude et contribue à la cohérence de ce mouvement cinématographique. Ensuite, nous avançons que le cinéma permettait à l’ethnographie de jouer un plus grand rôle dans le discours clérical, car désormais traitée de manière ludique et distrayante. En dernière partie, cet article met en relief les liens étroits entre le régionalisme des prêtres-cinéastes et la collecte ethnographique. Alors que l’ethnographie des Canadiens français participe à l’exaltation d’un patriotisme régional, celui des pratiques culturelles autochtones conforte surtout une utopie de la nation canadienne-française.This article looks at the documentary films made by priests between 1930 and 1960, showing how ethnographic research formed the basis of the works by seven filmmakers who created a coherent cinematographic movement. We then express the idea that thanks to filmmaking, ethnography became involved in the clerical discourse by transmitting messages in an entertaining and light-hearted way. Finally, the article highlights the way ethnographic fieldwork was tied in with the regionalist attitudes of the filmmaker-priests. While French Canadian ethnography was used as a tool to promote a locally based patriotism, that of indigenous cultural practises enhanced a utopic vision of the French Canadian nation
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