We demonstrate that the famous cosmological constant problem of the standard cosmology naturally vanishes in the suitable model-independent effective approach towards quantum gravity, while also studying the effect of quantum space-time fluctuations on the cosmological evolution. We start from the general list of assumptions required for a consistent and complete model of the Universe, which replaces the big bang singularity with a bounce, and thus invokes a modification of the classical field equations for gravity. We first concentrate on the case of the classical FRWL spacetime and show that in a bouncing cosmology, where the modification of the Einstein-Hilbert action can be represented by some general continuous function of time, S(t), the cosmological constant problem is absent if this function at late cosmological times approaches a sufficiently large value. Motivated by the recent studies of cosmological constant problem in the context of quantum vacuum and spacetime fluctuations in the standard cosmology, we then generalize our study to incorporate the effects of quantum spacetime fluctuations. We show that some problems of the earlier proposals, like singularities and negative values of the scale factor, are also naturally resolved in the approach proposed here.
Serbia has started transition in 2000. Although it experienced fast growth prior to the global economic crisis, critical number of SMEs was not created to achieve a sustainable development of entrepreneurial sector. During the crisis period SMEs faced with development limits, especially shops and micro companies. In the period 2009-2014 Serbian economy had zero rate of growth, the business climate was generally somewhat deteriorated and support to SMEE weakened by Government, local level of governance and financial institutions. There are positive signs of economic recovery of Serbia during 2015 and 2016. The market reforms got momentum in some important areas. The Government successfully put under control huge budget deficit and public debt. The inflation rate became for the first time low, similar to the European level. The Strategy for support SME, entrepreneurship and competitiveness in the period 2015-2020 was enacted at the end of 2014. Its importance became critical considering weaknesses of entrepreneurial sector, bottlenecks and limits of existing governmental measures for SMEE support. The point is to highlight those from the point of view of development the entrepreneurial ecosystem, as a new conceptual framework designed to foster economic development via entrepreneurship, innovation and small business growth.
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