ResumoO signifi cativo aumento de nascimentos de bebês prematuros no Brasil, principal causa de morte até os 28 dias de vida do bebê, tem preocupado os diferentes profi ssionais da área de saúde. Diante desta realidade, investigou-se como as mães e bebês prematuros vivenciam o período de internação em uma Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Neonatal, em um Hospital do Interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com delineamento de estudos de casos múltiplos. Participaram três bebês prematuros que nasceram com menos de 37 semanas e com peso inferior a 2.500 Kg, de ambos os gêneros, que necessitaram permanecer em atendimento na Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Neonatal (UTIN) entre o primeiro mês de vida, e suas respectivas mães. Os instrumentos foram: entrevista semiestruturada; prontuário médico dos bebês e sessões de observação da dupla. A partir dos dados coletados foi construída a história clínica do bebê. Cada caso foi analisado de forma individual a partir de sete eixos norteadores, depois foram comparados entre si, a partir da premissa metodológica da Síntese dos Casos Cruzados. Constatou-se que a vivência de internação da mãe e do bebê em uma UTIN interfere negativamente na separação da díade mãe-bebê e nos sentimentos vivenciados pelas mães. Palavras-chave:Bebê, prematuridade, Neonatologia, vínculo mãe-bebê, Psicologia Clínica. Mothers and Premature Infants Experiences during Neonatal Hospitalization AbstractThe signifi cant increase in births of premature babies in Brazil, the leading cause of death up to 28 days old baby, has worried the different health professionals. Given this reality it was investigated how mothers and premature babies experience the hospitalization in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in a hospital interior of Rio Grande do Sul This is a qualitative research design with case studies multiple. Three 1 Endereço para correspondência: Rua Senador Pinheiro, 304 -Passo Fundo, RS, Brasil 99070-220.

Overweight and obesity, rather than underweight, are highly prevalent in European children on RRT. Short stature among graft recipients had a strong association with overweight, while underweight appears to be only a problem in infants. Our findings suggest that nutritional management in children receiving RRT should focus as much on the prevention and treatment of overweight as on preventing malnutrition.

Background and Aims: Accumulating evidence indicates that a state of chronic inflammation has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. This study aims to evaluate changes in inflammatory process, iron metabolism, erythropoiesis, and lipid profile associated with weight loss after gastric banding surgery.Material and Methods: A total of 46 patients were evaluated before and 3 months after gastric banding surgery. A survey was conducted to record demographic data, body mass index, and presence of comorbidities. Moreover, complete blood cell counts and serum levels of iron, ferritin, transferrin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, lowdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides were performed.Results: At a follow-up 3 months after surgery, our patients presented a significant decrease in weight and body mass index, associated with a decreased inflammatory process (decreased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, neutrophil counts, and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio), increased iron availability (increased transferrin saturation and a trend to higher iron serum levels), and significant decreased triglycerides and triglycerides:high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio.Conclusions: Our results showed a significant decrease in the inflammation process 3 months after gastric banding surgery, associated with adipose tissue loss. This decrease in the inflammatory process is associated with more efficient iron absorption and increased

In patients on chronic hemodialysis (CHD), hyperparathyroidism (HPTH) is associated with anemia and resistance to erythropoietin (EPO). In the last few years, calcitriol intravenously (IV) has been used with success in the treatment of the HPTH, secondary to chronic renal failure. However, the effects of calcitriol on the hematological parameters of these patients have never been well evaluated. This study included 11 elderly CHD patients (f = 6, m = 5; mean age = 73.6 years, mean time on CHD = 42.8 months) with HPTH under EPO therapy (IV). They were treated for 12 months with calcitriol IV (mean dose = 2.33 mcg/pt/week). Patients with iron deficiency anemia (ferritin < 200 ng/ml) were excluded. The patients were compared before and after 12 months of calcitriol treatment, with respect to several laboratory parameters and with respect to EPO dose. A paired t-test was used. After treatment, we found a decrease of PTH (634 vs. 418 pg/ml, P = 0.029); the serum calcium increased (8.8 vs. 9.9 mg/dl, P = 0.002); no differences were noted in the plasma levels of alkaline phosphatase, phosphorous, BUN, creatinine, Na and K. Mean levels of Hb (10.2 vs. 11.4 g/dl, P = 0.004) and the Hct (30 vs. 34.3, P = 0.004) increased after 12 months of calcitriol; the levels of serum iron (70 vs. 78 microg/dl, P = ns) and ferritin (531 vs. 785 ng/ml, P = ns) and the EPO dose (105 vs. 100 U/kg/week, P = ns) were similar before and after treatment. Our data show that the treatment of HPTH in CHD elderly patients with calcitriol can increase Hb level without increasing EPO dose.