Nutrition interventions can have broad reach through changes in menu offerings to school-aged children and adolescents. However, further research is needed to examine how these changes affect student food selection and consumption.

The burden of AD-related mortality was substantial for the period 1999 to 2008. This burden is expected to grow rapidly as the baby boomer generation ages. Findings from this study may have important implications for present and future planning in medicine, social services, public policy, and public health.

Despite the recognition of nontyphoidal Salmonella as an important foodborne infection, few data exist on salmonellosis as a cause of death in the United States. To provide a quantitative assessment of the burden of Salmonella-related mortality in the United States, we examined national multiple-cause-of-death data for the years 1990-2006. Crude and age-standardized rates of salmonellosis mortality and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed for race, sex, age, state of residence, and year. A matched case-control analysis, using non-Salmonella deaths as controls, was conducted to determine whether certain diseases were more likely to be listed as comorbid conditions for Salmonella-related death. Salmonellosis was reported as an underlying or associated cause of death among 1316 persons, with an average annual age-adjusted mortality rate of 0.03 per 100,000 person-years. Salmonellosis mortality rates were higher among blacks and Asian/Pacific Islanders with an age-adjusted rate ratio of 2.61 (95% CI, 2.43-2.81) and 2.48 (95% CI, 2.30-2.67), respectively. Rates were also higher in males with an age-adjusted rate ratio of 1.84 (95% CI, 1.68-2.03). The highest frequency of deaths occurred among adults age 75-84 (n = 329; 25% of all cases). A declining trend in salmonellosis-related deaths was observed over the study period. Several comorbid conditions were associated with Salmonella deaths, including HIV and connective tissue disorders, with matched odds ratios of 7.44 (95% CI, 5.04-10.97) and 3.69 (95% CI, 1.88-7.25), respectively. Despite declining trends, salmonellosis continues to be an important cause of preventable death especially among selected subgroups, underscoring the need for expanded prevention efforts.

Objective: The present study examines the receptivity to and potential effects of menu labelling on food choices of low-income and minority individuals -a group often at disproportionate risk for preventable, lifestyle-related health conditions (e.g. obesity, diabetes and CVD). Design: We conducted a cross-sectional survey to examine the knowledge, attitudes and potential response to menu labelling in an urban public health clinic population. Setting: United States. Subjects: A total of 639 clinic patients were recruited in the waiting rooms of six, large public health centres in Los Angeles County (2007County ( -2008. These centres provide services to a largely uninsured or under-insured, low-income, Latino and African-American population. Results: Among those approached and who met eligibility criteria, 88 % completed the survey. Of the 639 respondents, 55 % were overweight or obese based on selfreported heights and weights; 74 % reported visiting a fast food restaurant at least once in the past year, including 22 % at least once a week; 93 % thought that calorie information was 'important'; and 86 % thought that restaurants should be required to post calorie information on their menu boards. In multivariate analyses, respondents who were obese, female, Latino and supportive of calorie postings were more likely than others to report that they would choose food and beverages with lower calories as a result of menu labelling. Conclusions: These findings suggest that clinic patients are receptive to this population-based strategy and that they would be inclined to change their food selections in response to menu labelling.