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Despite increasing empirical support for an integrated approach to treating trauma and substance abuse, many substance abuse treatment programs have been slow to embrace integrated models of practice. Using an embedded case study design, the purpose of this study was to understand barriers that prevented a substance abuse treatment provider and 20 professionals and staff from adopting an integrated approach to treating substance abuse and trauma. Data analysis revealed 2 kinds of barriers that prevented substance abuse treatment professionals from fully integrating substance abuse and trauma: systemic and professional barriers. These barriers have to be taken into account when trying to move providers and professionals toward integrated approaches to treating substance abuse and trauma. KEYWORDS barriers, embedded case study, integrated approach, qualitative study, substance abuse treatment, trauma, women Women with histories of addiction have a high prevalence of interpersonal trauma. Up to 85% of women with histories of substance abuse have experienced some form of interpersonal trauma (Markoff,

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