Re ´sume Ĺesbasaltes transitionnels e ´oce `nes occupent plus de la moitie ´ouest des affleurements laviques du plateau Bamoun. Les basaltes de ce type restent exceptionnels dans la ligne volcanique du Cameroun (LVC). Ils posse `dent des caracte ´ristiques pe ´trographiques (basaltes sans olivine, BSO ; a ˆge de 51,8 AE 1,2 Ma ; le plus vieux de la LVC) et ge ´ochimiques, diffe ´rentes de celles des basaltes alcalins de ce me ˆme plateau (basaltes a `olivine, BAO ; a ˆge de 46,7 AE 1,1 Ma) et de tous les autres basaltes alcalins, classiques, de la LVC. Inversement, ils apparaissent plus proches des roches analogues des rifts est-africains et des ı ˆles Kerguelen. Ils se caracte ´risent par la rarete ´de l'olivine modale et par la valeur relativement e ´leve ´e du rapport Y/Nb (e ´gal a `1), mais faible de La N /Yb N (10) et de Ce N /Yb N (7). Les valeurs des rapports isotopiques initiaux 87 Sr/ 86 Sr (0,7044) et 143 Nd/ 144 Nd (0,5126) des BSO sont respectivement plus e ´leve ´es et plus faibles que celles relatives aux BAO (0,7034 et 0,5128). Ces re ´sultats mettent en e ´vidence l'existence d'un re ´servoir mantellique enrichi par un po ˆle de type EM lithosphe ´rique a `l'origine des basaltes transitionnels, diffe ´rent du re ´servoir plus proche du po ˆle HIMU, a `l'origine des basaltes alcalins.
This study focuses on the geochemical and bacteriological investigation of surface and ground water in the Bamoun plateau (Western-Cameroon). During the period from September 2013 to August 2014, 71 samples were collected from two springs, one borehole, four wells and the Nchi stream for analysis of major elements. In order to obtain the characteristics of the various species of bacteria, 7 samples were selected. The analytical method adopted for this study is the conventional hydrochemical technic and multivariate statistical analysis, coupled with the hydrogeochemical modelling. The results revealed that, water from the zone under study are acidic to basic, very weakly to weakly mineralized. Four types of water were identified: 1) CaMg-HCO 3 ; 2) CaMg-Cl-SO 4 ; 3) NaCl-SO 4 and 4) NaK-HCO 3. The major elements were all listed in the World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water quality, except for nitrates which was found at a concentration > 50 mg 3 NO − /l in the borehole F401. As for the hydrobiological aspect, the entire sample contained all the bacteriological species except for spring S301 and well P401.
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