LNY is influenced by patient age, site of disease and T stage. LNY (Stage I-II) and LNR (Stage III-IV) have independent prognostic value in CRC.

In this first systematic review to examine changes in lymph nodes with senescence, evidence was accrued to suggest a decline in lymph node number and morphological degeneration in older age groups. These changes might adversely affect immune function and the prognosis of infections and selected cancers in the elderly. Further research is required to confirm these morphological changes and to explore their potential immunological and functional effects.

This study demonstrates for the first time that ICC are present in human extrahepatic bile ducts where they are more densely aggregated than in the gallbladder. This cellular network is likely to be involved in biliary tract motility and its related disorders.

Heparin, insulin, the sinoatrial node and ether anaesthesia are just some of the major discoveries made by medical students, all of which have had a huge impact on the practice of surgery. This paper explores the breadth and depth of some of these talented individuals and their extraordinary contributions to medicine. While some continued to enjoy brilliant careers, others became embroiled in damaging disputes about priority or were overtaken by illness or personal problems. Regardless of their fate, their contributions are a potent reminder of what can be achieved by gifted and determined medical students undertaking a period of basic scientific or clinical research.

Background:This study was conducted to determine the effect of nurses’ workplace on burnout syndrome among nurses working in Isfahan's Alzahra Hospital as a reference and typical university affiliated hospital, in 2010.Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 100 nurses were randomly selected among those working in emergency, orthopedic, dialysis wards and intensive care unit (ICU). Required data on determination of occupational burnout rate among the nurses of these wards were collected using Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) standard and validated questionnaire. Nurses were selected using simple random sampling.Results:The multivariate ANOVA analysis showed that occupational burnout mean values of nurses working in orthopedic and dialysis wards were significantly less than those of nurses working in emergency ward and ICU (P = 0.01). There was also no significant difference between occupational burnout mean values of nurses working in emergency ward and ICU (P > 0.05). t-test showed that there was a difference between occupational burnout values of men and women, as these values for women were higher than those of men (P = 0.001).Conclusion:Results showed that occupational burnout mean values of nurses working in emergency ward and ICU were significantly more than those of nurses working in orthopedic and dialysis wards.