We
present a one-step method to produce air-stable, large-grain
mixed cationic lead perovskite films and powders under ambient conditions.
The introduction of 2.5 % of Zn(II), confirmed by X-ray diffraction
(XRD), results in stable thin films which show the same absorption
and crystal structure after 2 weeks of storage under ambient conditions.
Next to prolonged stability, the introduction of Zn(II) affects photophysical
properties, reducing the bulk defect density, enhancing the photoluminescence
(PL), and extending the charge carrier lifetime. Furthermore, 3-chloropropylamine
hydrochloride is applied as the film-forming agent. The presence of
this amine hydrochloride additive results in highly oriented and large
crystal domains showing an ulterior improvement of PL intensity and
lifetime. The material can also be prepared as black precursor powder
by a solid–solid reaction under ambient conditions and can
be pressed into a perovskite pellet. The prolonged stability and the
easy fabrication in air makes this material suitable for large-scale,
low-cost processing for optoelectronic applications.
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