Among children with atopic predisposition, the number-needed-to-treat with BCG to prevent one case of atopic dermatitis was 21 (12-76).

BCG vaccination did not affect the rate of hospitalization for infection up to the age of 15 months in Danish children. In future studies, the role of maternal BCG-vaccination, premature birth, and cesarean delivery needs further exploration.

This study did not find a nonspecific public health benefit of BCG on parent-reported infections. BCG may have reduced the incidence of infections in children of BCG-vaccinated mothers during the first 3 mo.