The identified risk factors for oversedation and potential OIRD in hospitalized patients can form the basis of quality-improvement initiatives to prevent oversedation through improved prescribing and patient monitoring.
HBPM with smartphone technology has the potential to improve HTN management among patients with uncontrolled or newly diagnosed HTN. Technology needs to be easy to use and operate and would work best when integrated into local electronic health record systems. In systems without this capability, medical assistants or other personnel may be trained to facilitate the process. Nurse navigator involvement was instrumental in bridging communication between the patients and provider.
tudies of how patients respond to treatment over time are fundamentally important to understanding how therapies influence quality of life and progression of disease during survivorship. When investigators examine change over time in continuous variables (e.g., patient self-reports of pain, fatigue, or nausea) in the same individuals, repeated measures are typically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) or perhaps latent growth curve modeling (Brant et al., 2011;Dudley, McGuire, Peterson, & Wong, 2009). Other studies-particularly those that compare the longterm effects of new drugs or other therapeutic regimens to some "standard" therapy-focus on time to binary (yes/no) disease-related events of interest, such as death (time to event). Such studies are particularly apropos to generating improvements in cancer therapies, in which new treatments are compared to "standard" regimens, and are shown or disproved to extend progression-free survival (PFS), time to progression, or overall survival (OS) in patients with a particular cancer. Time-to-event studies typically employ two closely related statistical approaches, Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis and Cox proportional haz-
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