Characteristics and Toxicity of Nanoemulsion Formulations of Piper retrofractum and Tagetes erecta Extract Mixtures. Nanotechnology has been used in the developing of botanical insecticide formulation for improving its stability and effectiveness. The research was aimed to make nanoemulsion formulations of Piper retrofractum fruits and Tagetes erecta flowers extracts and to evaluate their toxicity against brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens [Stål]) nymphs. The development of nanoemulsion formulaions was carried out by using the low energy method with inversion phase emulsification. The toxicity of the four formulations was tested against brown planthopper nymphs using a contact method. Four nanoemulsion formulations were obtained. The study showed that in the developing of the formulations, the type and level of emulsifier materials affected the physical characteristics of formulas, such as stability, surface tension, viscosity, particle size, and particle morphology. The nanoemulsion formulation containing 1% of the mixture of P. retrofractum fruits and T. erecta flowers extracts, 1.75% Triton X-100 emulsifier showed the highest toxic on the brown planthopper nymph, with the LC95 value was 0.15%. The study indicates that nanoemulsion formulation of P. retrofractum and T. erecta extracts are potential to be developed as botanical insecticide to control brown planthopper of rice.
A research was conducted to increase the virulence of Beauvaria bassiana to the rice bug, L. acuta, by adding four different substances (materials) to the rice media to grow the fungus. The research was conducted from April to August 2011 at Polinela Laboratory, Bandar Lampung. To do this a set of experimental unit consisting of five treatments and five replications were arranged in completely randomized design. The four treatments were media made up of rice (rice based media) each given or added with four different materials such as rice skin powder, corn sugar, grasshopper powder and chitosan powder. The result showed that B. bassiana grown on rice media added with grasshopper powder or rice skin powder were able of causing mortality to the L. acuta as high as 78% and 71%, respectively, meaning that both mortalities were much higher than that of other replication. The virulence values of Beauveria bassiana grown on those both powder were also higher than that of three others.
Secondary metabolite compounds of plants have a role as a self-defence against herbivores and pathogens attacks. The objective of research was to study the toxicity, persistence, and effectiveness of extracts and essential oils of Piper retrofractum against brown plant hopper (BPH). Plant extracts were obtained through maceration method using ethyl acetate solvent for P. retrofractum fruit and essential oils obtained by distillation. Extract toxicity testing uses the contact application method. Polo PC program was used to estimate the LC50 and LC95 value. The results showed that essential oil nanoemulsion from P. retrofractum was the most toxic against BPH nymphs compared to other treatments. The toxicity values from nanoemulsion of essential oils, maceration extracts, and non-nano formula from P. retrofractum extracts 0.19, 0.26, and 0.81 percent respectively. The persistence of the three formulas to BPH nymphs seen starting from one day after the application the average mortality decreased to less than 45 percent. The effectiveness showed that the nanoemulsion from extract and essential oil of P. retrofractum were the most effective use to control BPH nymphs in the green house. The results indicated that extracts and essential oils nanoemulsion of P. retrofractum is the most promising as a botanical insecticide to BPH.
Faktor pembatas peningkatan produksi padi salah satunya adalah tingkat serangan hama dan penyakit yang menyerang varietas padi yang dibudidayakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis hama yang menyerang pada beberapa galur padi yang dibudidayakan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dilahan Seed Teaching Farm Program Studi Teknologi Perbenihan, Jurusan Budidaya Tanaman Pangan, Politeknik Negeri Lampung. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-Desember 2020. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah galur tanaman padi. Galur tanaman padi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini merupakan galur hasil rakitan Program Studi Teknologi Perbenihan Politeknik Negeri Lampung yaitu 14 galur - galur Padi Tipe Baru (PTB) yaitu Pandan Wangi (PW), Ciherang (CH), B1, B2, B3, B4, B7, D2, D3, F3, F4, H1, H4, K, dan L2 dengan 2 varietas unggul pembanding yaitu Ciherang (CH) dan Gilirang (Gil). Budidaya tanaman padi dilakukan secara konvensional. Pengamatan hama dan penyakit tanaman dilakukan pada umur tanaman setiap 2 minggu setelah tanam (mst) dengan interval pengamatan 2 minggu. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan melihat langsung pada 5 rumpun sampel. OPT yang ditemukan Nilapharvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, Lasus lanio, Cnaphalocrosis medinalis, Scirpophaga incertulas, Tikus, Hawar daun bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae. Kata kunci: Galur padi, Hama, Penyakit
Food additives application in food processing should be a conscious matter by either producers or consumers due to food additives excessive and misuses that will give negative impact on human well-being. Farmer Women Group (FWG) Harapan Jaya Rajabasa is one of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) engaged in beverage processing, especially soy milk and herbal ginger drinks. These product marketing was still limited to local area, nevertheless consumer demands and auction for both products were quite effective for family additional income and support family food security. Food additives awareness to the member of Harapan Jaya FWG in food processing become an important factor in production process sustainability not only to improve the product selling but also as an assurance in food safety for their own family members that consumed the product. The method used is counseling and demonstration followed by evaluation. The activity was attended by 22 FWG members. The activity was preceded by brain storming the FWG members awareness on food additives application in food products. Most of the KWT members (more than 84%) have not notice for the regulation, type of food additives, dosage and how to applied food additives in food product. The evaluation results showed that FWG’s member awareness and good practice in food additives regulation, type and dosage, and method to applied had increased.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.