Les articles ainsi que les nouveautés nomenclaturales publiés dans Zoosystema sont référencés par / Articles and nomenclatural novelties published in Zoosystema are referenced by:-ZooBank ® (http://zoobank.org) PHOTOCOPIES :Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum adhèrent au Centre Français d'Exploitation du Droit de Copie (CFC), 20 rue des Grands Augustins, 75006

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Eight species from seven genera of crabs from two families are reported for the first time from the coastal areas of Taiwan, including estuaries, coral reefs and sandy beaches. These are Clistocoeloma balansae A. Milne-Edwards, 1873, C. villosum (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869) and Parasesarma ungulatum (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) of the Sesarmidae; and Cyclograpsus longipes Stimpson, 1858, Otognathon uru N. K. Ng, Komai & P. K. L. Ng, 2009, Ptychognathus pilosus De Man, 1892, Pyxidognathus granulosus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879 and Scutumara laniger (Tesch, 1918) of the Varunidae.

The blue king crab, Paralithodes platypus, which belongs to the family Lithodidae, is a commercially and ecologically important species. However, a high‐quality reference genome for the king crab has not yet been reported. Here, we assembled the first chromosome‐level blue king crab genome, which contains 104 chromosomes and an N50 length of 51.15 Mb. Furthermore, we determined that the large genome size can be attributed to the insertion of long interspersed nuclear elements and long tandem repeats. Genome assembly assessment showed that 96.54% of the assembled transcripts could be aligned to the assembled genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed the blue king crab to have a close relationship with the Eubrachyura crabs, from which it diverged 272.5 million years ago. Population history analyses indicated that the effective population of the blue king crab declined sharply and then gradually increased from the Cretaceous and Neogene periods, respectively. Furthermore, gene families related to developmental pathways, steroid and thyroid hormone synthesis, and inflammatory regulation were expanded in the genome, suggesting that these genes contributed substantially to the environmental adaptation and unique body plan evolution of the blue king crab. The high‐quality reference genome reported here provides a solid molecular basis for further study of the blue king crab's development and environmental adaptation.

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