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In this present study, airborne pollen in Çeşme was investigated between February 17, 2012 and February 17, 2014 using the volumetric method. Çeşme, one of Turkey's most important tourism centers, which attracts numerous local and foreign tourists each year, is a district of Izmir, a province in the western part of Turkey. During the 2-year study, 12,905 pollen grains belonging to 64 taxa (33 arboreal, 31 non-arboreal plants) were detected. However, the 2-year data results revealed that the taxa with the pollen concentration more than 4% in the atmosphere were Cupressaceae/Taxaceae (4268 pollen, 33.07%), Olea europaea (1614 pollen grains, 12.51%), Pinaceae (1085 pollen grains, 8.41%), Quercus spp. (1081 pollen grains, 8.38%), Pistacia spp. (743 pollen grains, 5.76%), and Poaceae (557 pollen grains, 4.32%), all of which comprised 72.44% of the total count. The relationship between the daily pollen counts belonging to these six taxa and the hourly average temperature (°C), daily precipitation (mm), relative humidity (%), and wind speed (km/h) was assessed using the Spearman correlation test, and significant results were determined. During the study, the intradiurnal distribution of the aforementioned pollen varied. The highest pollen concentration was detected between 11:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. (first year 30.3%; second year 30.1%).

IntroductionAllergic diseases affect 20%-30% of Turkish population and constitute an important disease group due to the labor and financial losses they cause (Bıçakçı et al., 2009). In some countries, the rates of diseases causing allergy in humans are as follows: 14% in Finland, 5.9%-

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The chemical compositions of the hydrodistilled essential oils of ripen and unripen berries of Juniperus macrocarpa Sibth. & Sm. (Jom) were analysed by GC-MS. Thirty eight compounds were identified from unripe berries, accounting for approximately 0.03% oil yield (v/w dried weight) and 16 compounds from ripe berries with 0.003% oil yield (v/w dried weight). While the major compounds in the essential oils of unripe berries were α-cedrol (30.04%), α-pinene (18.81%), germacrene-D (14.58%), δ-cadinene (3.80%), γ-cadinene (2.29%), α-humulene (2.29%), γ-muurolene (2.27%), epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene (1.69%), transcaryophyllene (1.68%), valencen (1.53 %) and α-cedrol (49.87%), β- caryophyllene (29.57%), α-cedrene (4.75%), γ-muurolene (2.54%), carvacrol methyl ether (1.4%), trans-pinocarveol (1.2%), α-pinene (1.13%), α-muurolene (1.04%) were identified from ripe berries and their mean percentage varied according to their phenological stage. Both qualitative and quantitative differences between ripe and unripe berries of the plant were observed.