Interconnecting nanoparticle embedded mesoporous CTO rods (left panel), offered a significantly larger diffusion of OH− ions deep inside the rod structure and delivered a stable electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 608.4 F g−1 (right panel).
We reported the investigation on the effect of Li-ion cycling on the vertically aligned brookite (β) TiO 2 nanorods coated on Cu substrate as a Li-ion battery electrode. The vertically grown β-TiO 2 nanorods synthesized over large area array using hot filament metal vapor deposition (HFMVD) technique were ∼ 19 nm in diameter with well-defined textural boundaries. Xray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the formation of stoichiometric β-TiO 2 nanorods and Raman spectroscopy revealed the formation of pure brookite phase, and not accompanied by the anatase and/or rutile phases. The β-TiO 2 nanorods showed good electrochemical performance with the appearance of the potential plateau at 1.8 and 2.1 V during Li insertion and desertion. The initial discharge/charge capacities of ∼ 81 (52 μAh cm À 2 μm À 1 ) and ∼ 72 mAhg À 1 (45 μAh cm À 2 μm À 1 ) obtained at the current density of 33 mAg À 1 were retained further to ∼ 62 mAhg À 1 (40 μAh cm À 2 μm À 1 ) until the 200th cycle. The exceptional cycling performance of β-TiO 2 nanorods with a high coulombic efficiency of greater than ∼ 98% confirms their potentials as a competent electrode for Li-ion rechargeable batteries.
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