Context:Acinetobacter infections are a major nosocomial infection causing epidemics of infection in the Intensive Care Units (ICU).Aims:This study estimates the clinical and economic outcomes of Acinetobacter infections and compares them with those of non-Acinetobacter bacterial infections.Settings and Design:Prospective cross-sectional observational study carried out for 6 months in the medicine ICU of a tertiary care hospital.Materials and Methods:Patients were divided in two groups, one group with Acinetobacter infections and the other with non-Acinetobacter infections. The data was collected for infection, length of stay (LOS), mortality and cost along with patient demographics from the hospital records for analysis.Statistical Analysis Used:The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 15.0. The LOS and cost of treatment (COT) for the two groups were compared using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-test.Results:A total of 220 patients were studied out of which 91 had Acinetobacter infections. The median LOS was 20 days in Group-A and 12 days in Group-B (P < 0.0001). The median COT was INR 125,862 in Group-A and INR 68,228 in the Group-B (P < 0.0001). Mortality in Group-A and Group-B was 32.97 and 32.56 (P = 0.949) respectively.Conclusion:The burden of Acinetobacter infections in ICUs is increasing with the increase in LOS and COT for the patients. The infection control team has to play a major role in reducing the rate of nosocomial infections.
Some months ago, Swine flu was spreading like wildfire affecting people from all walks of life. Swine flu, which was unheard before, is suspected to be the mutated virus of Avian, Classical Swine and Human influenza. Its virulence is very strong leading to respiratory failure and death. There were several hundred lives lost due to H1N1 infection recently. The H1N1 appeared as a blitz, which caught the public unaware and caused nightmare throughout the country. The Health care emergency was declared to effectively control and contain the spread of H1N1. The threat of emergence looms over our head in coming seasons of winter.
Tuberculosis is a scourge for human race for millennia with huge morbidity and mortality. Among the main obstacles to the global control of the disease are the HIV epidemic that has dramatically increased the risk for developing active TB, the increasing emergence of multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB), Extensive drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) and the recalcitrance of persistent infections to treatment with conventional anti-TB drugs. Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance is a major public health problem that threatens the success of Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS), the WHO-recommended treatment strategy for detection and cure of TB, as well as global tuberculosis control. This has made the currently available anti tubercular drugs into less effective and futile tools to control tuberculosis. Not only to radically transform the fight against tuberculosis but also to shortening the current six to eight-month treatment to two months or less. This in turn will improve patient adherence, increase cure rates, and lessen the likelihood of patients developing drug resistance. New drugs are also needed to benefit the growing number of people around the globe who are co-infected with TB and HIV, as well as those who have been exposed to TB but are not yet ill with disease i.e. latent TB.
Trade names of medicine in India are coined irrationally without any bearing and any relevance to the therapeutic class, molecule or disease for which it is to be used. This has developed into a therapeutic complexity, which is confusing to health care professionals. The study measured the extent of irrational naming practice of branded medicine in India and highlights the possibility of Look alike and Sound Alike (LASA) drugs leading to confusion by classifying the drug names on the basis of generic category. The study tries to quantify the extent of irrational naming practice of branded medicines by classifying branded medicine names into irrational and rational category. If the trade names of drugs had any bearing related to the therapeutic class, molecule or disease for which it is used, it is classified all together in rational category. Any trade name of drug which didn't meet these criteria is classified into irrational category. The result was measured and the percentages of irrelevant brand names were found to be 82%. LASA branded drugs were categorized on basis of generic name to highlight the extent of confusing medicine names in the Indian pharmaceutical market.
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