The efficacy of natural and chemical compounds were investigated against wax moth greater, Galleria mellonella L.and lesser, Acheroia gresilla Fab.. Spinosad and Bacillus thuringiensis (Agerin) as natural compounds , while Formic acid, oxalic acid, Phostoxin, and Bara-dichlorobenzen were used as chemical compounds. The mortality percentage of wax moths dead larvae were 99.33, 90, 64 and 56.66 by using Phostoxin, PDB, Formic acid and Oxalic acid , respectively , while these mortality was 79.67 and 74.33 % when using Spinosad and Agiren. Results obtained in this study indicated that, the highly and lowest effecte was Phostoxin and Oxalic acid respectively against larvae of wax moths
Twenty fresh clover honey, ten beeswax and ten bee bread samples represented contaminated and non-contaminated areas were collected directly from the apiaries during 2015 .The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of toxic metals ( Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn)) in honey, beeswax and bee bread stored inside honey bee colonies. The highest lead contents (0.5488 mg/kg) was estimated in honey samples collected from industrialized area The lowest Pb content were estimated in honey samples collected from rural area (0.5096 mg/kg).The lowest Cd concentration (0.0961 mg/kg). However, the highest content of Cd (0.1042 mg/kg) was recorded in honey samples collected from urbanized areas. High concentration of (Cu) was estimated in honey samples collected from apiaries located in industrialized area (0.0757 mg/kg) while the lowest were recorded in rural area (0.0432 mg/kg) . Zn occurred in low concentration in honey samples The highest value was recorded in honey samples from rural area (0.241) mg/kg and the lowest in honey samples from apiaries located in Reclaimed soils (0.185) mg/kg. Heavy metalconcentrations of Pb, Cd, Fe, Cu and Zn in beeswax samples collected from contaminated and non-contaminated areas were 1.388, 0.194, 16.696, 0.619 and 4.606 mg/kg. While the averages of heavy metal concentrations in non contaminated area decreased to 1.175; 0.160; 15.466; 0.391 and 2.520 mg/kg, respectively. Contamination in bee bread samples showed that lead concentration (1.094 mg/kg to 1.338 mg/kg) was detected in bee bread samples collected from honey bee colonies located in non-contaminated areas and samples collected from( industrialized and urban areas).
Now the world’s hope of getting rid of infectious diseases is by reaching to more effective and safe antimicrobial agents. The low cost of maintenance and local availability give honey valuable advantages to using it as an alternative antimicrobial therapy. The antimicrobial activity of honey depending on physical-chemical properties, total phenols contents, geographic area and botanical resource. Nowadays, Upper Egyptian Sidr honey (UESH) became produced commercially; the issue entails determination of its antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant (MDR) different bacterial strains. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine in vitro antibacterial potential of Upper Egyptian Sidr honey against five references (3 Gram +ve and 2 Gram –ve) bacterial strains and its synergistic effect with some antimicrobial agents. Material & Methods: fifteen Sidr honey samples were collected from several apiaries located in three different governorates (Sohag, Qena and Luxor) in Upper Egypt. Honey samples were tested against 5 reference bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus B – 261, Streptococcus agalactiae AUMC B – 253, Escherichia coli AUMC B – 243 and Klebsiella pneumoniae AUMC B – 257 known as multidrug-resistant bacteria; as well as Bacillus cereus AUMC B - 100; to represent the spore-forming bacteria species known to cause food poisoning) using agar diffusion method. Post determination of MIC values, six honey samples were examined for their synergistic action with the resistant antimicrobial agents. Results: In vitro antimicrobial sensitivity test all reference bacterial strains showed multidrug resistance action (MDR) against the 13 tested antimicrobial agents with high multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index as ≥ 0.38. They achieved growth inhibition when be tested against all Sidr honey samples with different MIC values (11.6 – 18.8 %) with overall mean 15.16 ± 3.77 %. Sidr honey samples collected from Sohag revealed the best antimicrobial action since it's in vitro testing showed MIC 13.6 % followed by samples of Qena and Luxor as 14.36 & 17.96 % respectively. All Sidr honey samples, showed best synergistic action with all antimicrobial agents against Staph. aureus and Strept. agalactiae as change them from resistant to sensitive to the antimicrobial and restored methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sensitive to Cloxacillin being methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MESSA). Conclusion: All UESH samples have growth inhibitory effect on all tested Gram positive or negative bacteria and showed synergistic action with the most tested antimicrobial agents. Recommendation: Antibacterial activity of locally available UESH honey could be potentially used as api-therapeutic agents against multidrug-resistant and foodborne bacteria.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.