Metal nanoparticles have demonstrated outstanding properties in photovoltaic devices through introducing localized surface plasmon effects. The performance of Perovskite solar cell (PSC) by incorporating Ag@P4VP NPs was investigated systematically. The plasmonic enhancement effects are explored based on the combination of UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The performance, especially the short circuit current density (Jsc), and open circuit voltage (Voc) of the PSC containing Ag@P4VP NPs was significantly affected. The power conversion efficiency (PCE), Jsc and Vocof the reference device shows a value of 3.80 %, 11.04 mAcm−2 and 0.85 V. Upon introducing AgNPs@P4VP, a PCE of 5.69 %, Jsc of 12.61 mAcm−2 and Voc of 0.88 V were recorded, which improved the PCE ∼ 39.4 % over that of the standard device. The improvement is attributed to an increase in photocurrent density due to enhanced light harvesting by silver nanoparticles.
Investigations has been made concerning the development of the effect of shell structure on neutron induced cross section, evaluations for Actinides elements in the energy range of 0-30 MeV. The EXIFON code, which is based on the analytical model for statistical multistep direct and multistep compound reactions, was used for the calculation of the cross section for (n-2n), (n-p) and (n-α) reaction channels. Results are compared with data from the experimental database, EXFOR from the IAEA nuclear data bank to deduce the shell effect. An empirical relation for the reaction cross section has been established for magic numbers nucleus in the (n-2n) reaction channel in the energy range. Results shows that the odd-even effect has also been observed as the cross section for odd-even nuclei are higher than their neighbouring even-even nuclei and with comparison in term of Shell correction, the cross section is higher when the Shell correction is not considered.
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