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Background: Musculoskeletal hydatidosis is very rare and represents 1% -5.4% of all cases of echinococcosis. On clinical basis, infection mimics a soft-tissue tumor, and the preoperative radiological diagnosis is very important to avoid biopsy.

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Fukuyama-type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD), Walker-Warburg syndrome, and muscle-eye-brain disease are clinically similar autosomal recessive disorders characterized by congenital muscular dystrophy, cobblestone lissencephaly, and eye anomalies. FCMD is frequent in Japan, but no FCMD patient with confirmed fukutin gene mutations has been identified in a non-Japanese population. Here, we describe a Turkish CMD patient with severe brain and eye anomalies. Sequence analysis of the patient's DNA identified a homozygous 1bp insertion mutation in exon 5 of the fukutin gene. To our knowledge, this is the first case worldwide in which a fukutin mutation has been found outside the Japanese population. This report emphasizes the importance of considering fukutin mutations for diagnostic purposes outside of Japan.

Clinically relevant concentrations of sevoflurane given before, during, and after hepatic ischemia protected the liver against IR injury, whereas the effects of isoflurane on hepatic IR injury were not notable.