A facile methodology to prepare N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-terminated polymers as surface ligands to functionalize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is reported.

A modular, general method for trapping enzymes within the voids of paper, without chemical activation of cellulose, is reported. Glucose oxidase and peroxidase were crosslinked with poly(acrylic acid) via carbodiimide chemistry, producing 3-dimensional networks interlocked in cellulose fibers. Interlocking prevented enzyme activity loss and enhanced the washability and stability.