Following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in China in late December 2019, more than 217 countries became almost immediately infected in the resulting pandemic. Consequently, many of them decided to close their educational institutions as a way of preventing the spread of this virus. For many of them, though, the closure made them unable to deliver learning materials to students owing to their inability to provide the right technology for the purpose. To assist with the digitalizing of learning during this time, this study reviews the most common technologies used in the delivery of learning materials, with the experience of most infected countries being considered. Major challenges in online learning are discussed in this study as well. Further, Saudi Arabia was considered as a case study for the effectiveness of distance learning during the 2020 spring semester, where 300 undergraduate students were surveyed on their opinions of distance learning. The responses to the survey indicated that distance learning was effective in providing the required knowledge to the students during the outbreak of COVID-19. The findings showed that although the lack of interaction and poor internet connections were factors affecting comfortable and successful learning of physics and mathematics, 63% of students were satisfied with learning management systems, 75% of students found it easy to understand course materials, and 67% of students found it easy to understand assignments and could deal with them comfortably. The study findings can encourage educational institutions to digitalize their learning materials in the future.

Elderly chronic diseases are the main cause of death in the world, accounting 60% of all death. Because elderly with chronic diseases at the early stages has no observed symptoms, and then symptoms starts to appear, it is critical to observe the symptoms as early as possible to avoid any complication. This paper presents an expert system for an Elderly Health Care (EHC) at elderly home tailored for the specific needs of Elderly. The proposed EHC aims to develop an integrated and multidisciplinary method to employ communication technologies and information for covering real health needs of elderly people, mainly of people at high risk due to social and geographic isolation in addition to specific chronic diseases. The proposed EHC provides personalized intervention plans covering chronic diseases such as (body temperature (BT), blood pressure (BP), and Heart beat rate (HR)). The processes and architecture of the proposed EHC are based on the server side and three main clients, one for the elderly and another two for the nurse and the physician's whom take care of them. The proposed EHC model is discussed for proving the usefulness and effectiveness of the expert system.

Modern institutions, corporations, schools and universities in developed countries believe that e-Learning is a way for educating larger number of students in less time and lesser amount of resources. This research aims to design and develop a web-based e-learning system to make the environment of e-learning more adaptive and intelligent for the learners. The main values of the proposed research are accessibility and interoperability that make learning applications and components share data more easily and communicate more effectively. The proposed work was developed and designed using ASP.Net, SQL, XML and the Unified Modeling Language (UML) programming languages.

With the advent of the number of smart devices across the globe, increasing the number of users using the Internet. The main aim of the fog computing (FC) paradigm is to connect huge number of smart objects (billions of object) that can make a bright future for smart cities. Due to the large deployments of smart devices, devices are expected to generate huge amounts of data and forward the data through the Internet. FC also refers to an edge computing framework that mitigates the issue by applying the process of knowledge discovery using a data analysis approach to the edges. Thus, the FC approaches can work together with the internet of things (IoT) world, which can build a sustainable infrastructure for smart cities. In this paper, we propose a scheduling algorithm namely the weighted round-robin (WRR) scheduling algorithm to execute the task from one fog node (FN) to another fog node to the cloud. Firstly, a fog simulator is used with the emergent concept of FC to design IoT infrastructure for smart cities. Then, spanning-tree routing (STP) protocol is used for data collection and routing. Further, 5G networks are proposed to establish fast transmission and communication between users. Finally, the performance of our proposed system is evaluated in terms of response time, latency, and amount of data used.

According to the fast-changing business environment nowadays, we have to be more effective and faster in responding to customers' needs to make them able to access products instantly. This can be done by designing an E-commerce web website for unused goods, which sells various fashions and goods to the customers. To implement an online shopping website, a virtual store on the Internet is needed which allows customers to seek products and select them from a catalog. The customer needs to fill some fields to order a specific product. The purpose of this paper is designing and implementation of the website of unused goods, which sells various fashions and goods to the customers, the good that will be for sale on the website are new unused goods which the customer couldn’t return to the store they buy from to any reason. The proposed system was developed using the Unified Modeling Language (UML), ASP.NET and Access.