Obesity in critically ill patients is not associated with excess mortality but is significantly related to prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit length of stay. Future studies should target this population for intervention studies to reduce their greater resource utilization.

Both CPAP and MAD may be equally effective therapy in reducing the risk of fatal cardiovascular events in patients with severe OSA.

In patients with OSA, impairment of endothelial-dependent vasodilation correlated with the degree of endothelial cell apoptosis. CPAP therapy led to significant decline in circulating apoptotic endothelial cells. These findings provide an additional mechanism for the predisposition of patients with OSA to premature vascular disease.