Multiple crop experiment of hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. with low accumulation Chinese cabbage Fenyuanxin 3 were conducted in a cadmium (Cd) contaminated vegetable field. In the first round, the average removal rate of S. nigrum to Cd was about 10% without assisted phytoextraction reagent addition for the top soil (0-20 cm) with Cd concentration at 0.53-0.97 mg kg(-1) after its grew 90 days. As for assisted phytoextraction reagent added plots, efficiency of Cd remediation might reach at 20%. However, in the second round, Cd concentration in Chinese cabbage was edible, even in the plots with assisted phytoextraction reagent added. Thus, multiple cropping hyperaccumulator with low accumulation crop could normally remediate contaminated soil and produce crop (obtain economic benefit) in one year, which may be one practical pathway of phytoremediating heavy metal contaminated soil in the future.
To investigate the effects of different concentrations of chlorpyrifos on soil ecological environment and on soil respiration, catalase, urease, and levansucrase activity, studied by laboratory simulation methods. The results showed that: different concentrations of chlorpyrifos on soil respiration has a significant activation effect only at the first day, and a positive correlation with the concentration; different concentrations of chlorpyrifos on soil catalase activity is not significant; the inhibition of soil urease is not significant at the concentration of 10mg/kg, while the inhibition is significant at 100mg/kg and 500mg/kg; no significant effects on the soil levansucrase activity when the concentration is 10mg/kg in the first 10 days, but significant in the later days and the situation is contrary to the above when the chlorpyrifos concentration is 100mg/kg and 500mg/kg.
In order to increase the degradation efficiency of chlorpyrifos pesticides in soil, a organ phosphorous degrading condition was optimized for a compound microbial agent which composed of a high-performance microbial and cunninghamella. Orthogonal design table was used to select soil moisture, pH, chlorpyrifos concentration and compound microbial agents inoculation amount as reference factors in potted plants. The results of the orthogonal design analysis indicated that optimal chlorpyrifos degradation condition for this compound agent was soil moisture 40%, pH 7.3, chlorpyrifos concentration and microbial agent inoculation amount 100 µg•mg -1 and 200ml•kg -1 .Temperture target analysis demonstrated that this compound agent had a broader temperature tolerance; it could carry out the degradation of chlorpyrifos at temperature 20-35ć, which 30ć was the most suitable temperature for the agents. Analysis of extreme differences indicated that soil pH had the maximum influence on the chlorpyrifos in the soil. Other factors affecting the chlorpyrifos degeneration followed as soil moist > inoculation amount > chlorpyrifos concentration
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