The PA views and RAO views >or=40 degrees , heretofore unconventional in clinical routine, should be favored over steep LAO projections >or=40 degrees whenever possible. Tube angulations that are radiation intensive to the patient exponentially increase the operator's radiation risk.

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Purpose Good training is the basis for high job satisfaction and high-quality patient care in radiology. The aim of this survey was to record the current state of working conditions for residents in radiology training in Germany and to focus on the aspects of training and psychosocial workload. The description of the actual state should help to identify possible problem areas and to develop improvement approaches. Materials and Methods At the beginning of 2018, we sent an electronic questionnaire to the German Roentgen Society (DRG), the German Association of Chairmen in Academic Radiology (KLR), the Chief Physician Forum of the DRG (CAFRAD) and the Forum of Registered Radiologists (FUNRAD) with the request to forward it to radiology residents. With 63 questions, the questionnaire covered seven essential areas of medical working and training conditions. In order to ensure interdisciplinary comparability, most questions were identical to previous surveys among residents of other disciplines. Results 643 residents started the survey. 501 (78 %) questionnaires were fully processed and included in the final analysis. 65 % of respondents were satisfied with their current job situation. At the same time, shortcomings, especially with regard to the reconciliation of family and work as well as scientific and clinical work, became clear. Only 36 % of participants with children were satisfied with the compatibility of family and work at their workplace. Only 31 % of the researchers were satisfied with their research conditions. In addition, residents experienced a high psychosocial workload. Conclusion Job satisfaction is high among radiology residents in direct comparison to other disciplines. However, based on this survey, adjustments to working conditions and training in radiology seem necessary to maintain the health of the physicians concerned, to encourage motivation for scientific work and to enhance development opportunities, especially for women, through a better compatibility of work and family life. The present survey identifies strategies and leadership tools that can help to achieve this. Key Points: Residents in radiology training ... Citation Format

Purpose?The purpose of this paper is the retrospective analysis of endovascular therapy for the treatment of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) of malignant cause. This study focuses on the effectiveness of the therapy regarding the duration of remission, symptom control and practicability. Materials and Methods?From January 2003 to November 2012, therapeutic implantation of one or more stents was performed in 141 patients suffering from SVCS.?The medical history was retrospectively researched using digitalized patient files. If those were incomplete, secondary research was conducted using the cancer registry of the General Hospital Nuremberg, the cancer registry of the tumor center at Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) or information given by physicians in private practice. This data was collected using Microsoft Office Excel? and statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22?. Results?168 stents were implanted in 141 patients (median age: 64.6?years; range: 36???84), 86 being male and 55 being female. In 121 patients, SVCS was caused by lung cancer (85.8?%), in 9 patients by mediastinal metastasis of an extrathoracic carcinoma (6.4?%), in 3?patients by mesothelioma of the pleura (2.1?%) and in 1 patient by Hodgkin?s disease (0.7?%). There was no histological diagnosis in 7?cases (4.9?%). The primary intervention was successful in 138 patients (97.9?%). Immediate thrombosis in the stent occurred in the remaining 3 cases. Recurrence of SVCS was observed in 22 patients (15.6?%), including 5 early and 17 late occlusions. Stent dislocation or?breakage was not observed. As expected, the survival after implantation was poor. The median survival was 101 days, and the median occlusion-free survival was 80 days. Conclusion?The symptomatic therapy of SVCS with endovascular stents is effective and safe. Despite effective symptom control and a low rate of recurrence, the patients' prognosis is poor. Key Points:? Citation Format

The results may be understood as recommendations and indicate limits of compression factors with no expected reduction of diagnostic image quality. They are similar to the current national recommendations for Canada and England .