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Here, an interesting, new 0D material is presented: graphene quantum dots. The new properties arising from quantum confinement and edge effects after converting 2D graphene into graphene quantum dots have attracted great interest in various disciplines, such as physics, biology, materials, and chemistry. Here, the recent technological advances in the field of graphene quantum dots reported in the literature on both a theoretical and an experimental basis are highlighted. Various synthesis methodologies and physical properties are discussed, along with their implementation in energy (supercapacitors, fuel cells, photovoltaic devices, light-emitting diodes), biomedical (biosensors, drug delivery, bioimaging), and environmental applications.

Mesoporous metal sulfide hybrid (meso-MoS2/CoMo2S4) materials via a soft-templating approach using diblock copolymer polystyrene-block-poly­(acrylic acid) micelles are reported. The formation of the meso-MoS2/CoMo2S4 heterostructures is based on the sophisticated coassembly of dithiooxamide and metal precursors (i.e., Co2+, PMo12), which are subsequently annealed in nitrogen atmosphere to generate the mesoporous material. Decomposing the polymer leaves behind mesopores throughout the spherical MoS2/CoMo2S4 hybrid particles, generating numerous electrochemical active sites in a network of pores that enable faster charge transfer and mass/gas diffusion that enhance the electrocatalytic performance of MoS2/CoMo2S4. Doping the spherical meso-MoS2/CoMo2S4 heterostructures with iron improves the electronic properties of the hybrid meso-Fe-MoS2/CoMo2S4 material and consequently results in its superior electrochemical activities for both hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction.

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Metal–organic framework (MOF)‐derived nanoporous carbon materials have attracted significant interest due to their advantages of controllable porosity, good thermal/chemical stability, high electrical conductivity, catalytic activity, easy modification with other elements and materials, etc. Thus, MOF‐derived carbons have been used in numerous applications, such as environmental remediations, energy storage systems (i.e. batteries, supercapacitors), and catalysts. To date, many strategies have been developed to enhance the properties and performance of MOF‐derived carbons. Herein, we introduce and summarize recent important approaches for advanced MOF‐derived carbon structures with a focus on precursor control, heteroatom doping, shape/orientation control, and hybridization with other functional materials.