This paper develops a single order mathematical model for correlating various electrical discharge machining (EDM) parameters and performance characteristics by utilizing relevant experimental data obtained through experimentation. In addition to the effect of peak ampere, the effect of pulse on time and pulse off time on surface roughness has also been investigated. Experiments have been conducted on titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V with a copper electrode retaining negative polarity as per the Design of Experiments. Response surface methodology techniques are utilized to develop the mathematical model as well as to optimize the EDM parameters. An analysis of variance has been performed for the validity test of fit and adequacy of the proposed models. It can be seen that increasing pulse on time causes a fine surface until a certain value, beyond which the surface finish deteriorates. The excellent surface finish is investigated in this study for the case of pulse on time below 80 µs. This result acts as a guide for selecting the required process outputs and most economic industrial machining conditions for optimizing the input factors.
The proper selection of machining parameters can result in better machining performance in the electrical discharge machining process. However, this job is not always easy since the phenomena occurring between the electrodes in EDM are not yet fully understood. This study reports the development of a comprehensive mathematical model for the electrode wear rate (EWR) of a graphite tool in EDM on Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy, which has not yet been presented. Experiments for positive polarity of the graphite electrode, based on design of experiment (DOE), are first conducted. Modeling and analysis are carried out through the response surface methodology, utilizing the experimental results. A confirmation test is also executed to confirm the validity and the accuracy of the mathematical model developed. The confirmation test exhibits an average error of less than 6%. Negative electrode wear is evidenced for particular settings. The combination of 15A peak current, 350µs pulse-on time, 180µs pulse-off time and 95V servo-voltage and positive polarity causes negative tool wear. It is apparent that the developed model can evaluate electrode wear rate accurately and successfully.
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