Endophytic bacteria are an important part of different functions in plants that lead to plants’ production characteristics as well as their stress response mechanisms. Endophytic bacterial diversity was analyzed in this study to describe 16S rRNA variability and changes in the leaves of drought-tolerant and drought-susceptible wheat when growth under in vitro conditions. A metagenomic analysis was applied and a pilot exploratory study was performed to prove this type of analysis as applicable to tracking endophytic bacterial diversity changes when a drought stress is applied to an in vitro culture of wheat. The study showed that the changes in the bacterial endophytes’ variabilities associated preferentially with the drought stress varietal characteristics of the analyzed wheat instead of the applied stress conditions.
Bacterial contamination of semen is an important factor connected to the health status of bulls that may significantly affect semen quality for artificial insemination. Moreover, some important bovine diseases may be transmitted through semen. Up to now, only a very limited number of complex studies describing the semen microbiome of bulls have been published, as many bacteria are hard to cultivate using traditional techniques. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing strategy allows for the reliable identification of bacterial profiles of bovine semen together with the detection of noncultivable bacterial species. Fresh samples from Holstein Friesian breeding bulls (n = 55) were examined for the natural variability in the present bacteria. Semen doses were selected randomly from Slovak Biological Services in Nitra, Slovak Republic. The most predominant phyla within the whole dataset were Firmicutes (31%), Proteobacteria (22%), Fusobacteria (18%), Actinobacteria (13%) and Bacteroidetes (12%). Samples of semen were divided into two separate clusters according to their microbiome compositions using a cording partition around a medoids analysis. Microbiomes of the first cluster (CL1) of samples (n = 20) were based on Actinobacteria (CL1 average = 25%; CL = 28%) and Firmicutes (CL1 = 38%; CL2 = 27%), while the second cluster (CL2; n = 35) contained samples characterized by a high prevalence of Fusobacteria (CL1 = 4%; CL2 = 26%). Some important indicator microbial groups were differentially distributed between the clusters.
Background and objectives: A metagenomic approach was applied to analyze endophytic bacterial diversity changes in Amaranthus cruentus L. subjected to mutagenesis-based breeding. Findings: High-throughput sequencing approach of 16S rRNA variability analysis was used for monitoring of the changes of endophytic bacterial diversity in selected M generations and varieties Ficha and Pribina of Amaranthus cruentus L.A total of 15,683,430 clusters were generated in the sequencing and 15,085,381 of them passed filter. Average cluster density was 646 clusters per mm 2 . A 95%, 97% of sequences were Q >30. All sequences were classified into the 44 orders that were identified from all the analyzed genotypes of Amaranthus. Metagenomic libraries of Ficha and Pribina showed the similar profiles of identified bacterial orders and that are different from the profiles of M1 and M7 generations after gamma radiance treatment. Conclusions: Endophytic bacteria diversity was higher in the starting variety and final new variety of Amaranthus when comparing to the M generations. Based on the laboratory conditions of the growth of analyzed plant material, it supposes that endophytic bacterial abundance differences are a result of temporary changes in the amount of bacterial endophytes and the metagenomic limitation of their identification. Significance and novelty: Metagenomic analysis provides a sensitive approach that facilitates the study of the endophytic bacteria changes in the leaves of plant after gamma radiation mutagenesis. K E Y W O R D S Amaranthus cruentus L., gamma radiance mutants, metagenomic analysis *The authors contributed to the study equally
Several types of allergies are currently known and are characterized by an exaggerated response of the immune system to substances from various sources called allergens. One of them is a food allergy, which is becoming more common in the population. For this reason, it is necessary to describe the issue from several aspects including genomic variability of plant allergens. The objective of this study was to analyse intraspecific variability of Bet v 1 of 10 different varieties of apple species (Malus domestica Borkh.). BBAP technique for genomic determination of the presence of Bet v 1 homologs at the DNA level was performed. Degenerate primers that anneal a variable and conserved part of PR-10 protein homologues genes were used in the analyse. Amplicons were generated and formed relatively monomorphic profiles, indicating the stability of the given isoforms of Bet v 1 within the selected apple varieties. To evaluate the potential allergenicity of selected varieties further studies on another molecular level such as a comparison of gene expression of the PR-10 family members and their protein expression levels are needed.
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