The study was undertaken to determine the aetiology and prevalence of mastitis in hand-milked cows (n = 186) in two major Ethiopian dairies. The California Mastitis Test and culturing for bacteria revealed that 21.5% of the cows were clinically infected and 38.2% had subclinical mastitis. Most mastitis pathogens isolated from milk samples testing positive by the California Mastitis Test were Gram-positive cocci. Staphylococci constituted 57% of the isolates, of which the predominant cause of bovine mastitis was Staphylococcus aureus (40.5%). Other mastitis pathogens isolated include streptococci (16.5%), coliforms (9%) and corynebacteria (5%). Retrospective analysis of farm records indicated that mastitis was the second most important cause of culling and accounted for 27% of the cows removed from these two dairies.
We present an ultrahigh resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography imaging system using a broadband superluminescent diode light source emitting at a center wavelength of 1.3 µm. The light source consists of two spectrally shifted superluminescent diodes that are coupled together into a single mode fiber. The effective emission power spectrum has a full width at half maximum of 200 nm and the source output power is 10 mW. The imaging system has an axial resolution of 3.9 µm in air (< 3.0 µm in biological tissue), and a lateral resolution of 6.5 µm. The sensitivity and the maximum line rate are 95 dB and 46 kHz, respectively. Images of an infrared viewing card and a cornea from human eye suffering from glaucoma showing Schlemm's canal are presented to illustrate the performance of the system.
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