Gastric cancer associated with pregnancy is quite rare, and is most often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Furthermore, physicians are confronted with two conflicting issues in this condition: the need for early treatment of the maternal gastric cancer and the continuation of the pregnancy. To clarify the characteristics of pregnancy-associated gastric cancer and to obtain useful information that would help us choose the best treatment strategy for pregnancy-associated gastric cancer, we reviewed the existing literature, using the key words "pregnancy" and "gastric cancer". We were able to accumulate 136 cases, including 100 cases reported previously in Japan, and 1 case that we report here. We analyzed a total of 137 cases in the present study. With respect to the stage of gastric cancer, 92.5% of the patients studied had advanced gastric cancer, and only 45.3% of the patients underwent gastrectomy, including incomplete resection. Accordingly, the prognosis was very poor; the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 18.0% and 15.1%, respectively. However, the number of patients found to have early gastric cancer by endoscopic examination has been increasing recently. An endoscopic examination should be conducted immediately in pregnant patients presenting with persistent gastrointestinal symptoms for the differential diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum. When an endoscopic examination reveals that pregnant patients have gastric cancer, a therapeutic plan should be promptly formulated, in accordance with the number of weeks of gestation, by a medical team consisting of specialists in perinatal obstetrics and gastric cancer specialists.
The ERSB has made an issue of air pollution. Furthermore, the possibility that ERSB induces or exacerbates asthma attack has become clear in the present study. Therefore, it is recommended that RSB should be abolished for the health of inhabitants, especially children with asthma.
Uniparental disomy (UPD) is defined as the presence of a chromosome pair that derives from only one parent in a diploid individual. The human TRKA gene on chromosome 1q21-q22 encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase for nerve growth factor and is responsible for an autosomal recessive genetic disorder: congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA). We report here the second case of paternal UPD for chromosome 1 in a male patient with CIPA who developed normally at term and did not show overt dysmorphisms or malformations. He had only the usual features of CIPA with a homozygous mutation at the TRKA locus and a normal karyotype with no visible deletions or evidence of monosomy 1. Haplotype analysis of the TRKA locus and allelotype analyses of whole chromosome 1 revealed that the chromosome pair was exclusively derived from his father. Non-maternity was excluded by analyses of autosomes other than chromosome 1. Thus, we have identified a complete paternal isodisomy for chromosome 1 as the cause of reduction to homozygosity of the TRKA gene mutation, leading to CIPA. Our findings further support the idea that there are no paternally imprinted genes on chromosome 1 with a major effect on phenotype. UPD must be considered as a rare but possible cause of autosomal recessive disorders when conducting genetic testing.
These experiences show that one of the differential diagnoses of hypoechoic hepatosplenomegaly is TAM and that the change of live size is a predictor of prognosis.
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