The formation of hollow molecules (with a completely empty K shell in one constituent atom) through single-photon core double ionization has been demonstrated using a sensitive magnetic bottle experimental technique combined with synchrotron radiation. Detailed properties are presented such as the spectroscopy, formation, and decay dynamics of the N(2)(2+) K(-2) main and satellite states and the strong chemical shifts of double K holes on an oxygen atom in CO, CO2, and O2 molecules.
Significance
To move efficiently, animals must continuously work out their x,y,z positions with respect to real-world objects, and many animals have a pair of eyes to achieve this. How photoreceptors actively sample the eyes’ optical image disparity is not understood because this fundamental information-limiting step has not been investigated in vivo over the eyes’ whole sampling matrix. This integrative multiscale study will advance our current understanding of stereopsis from static image disparity comparison to a morphodynamic active sampling theory. It shows how photomechanical photoreceptor microsaccades enable
Drosophila
superresolution three-dimensional vision and proposes neural computations for accurately predicting these flies’ depth-perception dynamics, limits, and visual behaviors.
The electron spectra of xenon have been measured at the kinetic energy region of
8–40 eV using synchrotron radiation excitation below and above the 3d ionization
threshold. The hole in the 3d orbital leads to the cascade of Auger transitions, the
final steps of which give rise to pronounced satellite structures at the low kinetic
energy region. In order to estimate the satellite production, the average kinetic
energies and transition probabilities of Auger transitions after 3d ionization have
been calculated using the method of global characteristics. Furthermore, the fine
structure of the most intense satellite Auger transitions has been calculated using the
pseudorelativistic Hartree–Fock method, and the results have been used to assign the
main satellite peaks. In addition, the production of multi-charged Xe ions has
been investigated and the role of electron–electron interaction in explaining the
remaining differences between experiment and theory has also been discussed.
A mesoporous MnCo O electrode material is made for bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis. The MnCo O exhibits both Co O -like activity for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and Mn O -like performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The potential difference between the ORR and OER of MnCo O is as low as 0.83 V. By XANES and XPS investigation, the notable activity results from the preferred Mn - and Co -rich surface. The electrode material can be obtained on large-scale with the precise chemical control of the components at relatively low temperature. The surface state engineering may open a new avenue to optimize the electrocatalysis performance of electrode materials. The prominent bifunctional activity shows that MnCo O could be used in metal-air batteries and/or other energy devices.
The existence of two novel hybrid two-dimensional (2D) monolayers, 2D B3C2P3 and 2D B2C4P2, has been predicted based on the density functional theory calculations. It has been shown that these materials possess structural and thermodynamic stability. 2D B3C2P3 is a moderate band gap semiconductor, while 2D B2C4P2 is a zero band gap semiconductor. It has also been shown that 2D B3C2P3 has a highly tunable band gap under the effect of strain and substrate engineering. Moreover, 2D B3C2P3 produces low barriers for dissociation of water and hydrogen molecules on its surface, and shows fast recovery after desorption of the molecules. The novel materials can be fabricated by carbon doping of boron phosphide, and directly by arc discharge and laser ablation and vaporization. Applications of 2D B3C2P3 in renewable energy and straintronic nanodevices have been proposed. TOC: Novel 2D B3C2P3 is predicted and proposed for application in renewable energy devices.
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