A 0.3-GW, 60-ns TEA CO2 laser has been used to create plasma from a solid carbon target. Studies of the x-ray emission from the plasma at 4×1011 W/cm2 indicate the existence of a high-energy electron component with an equivalent temperature of ∼ 2 keV.
The results of a study of the interaction of 60 ns pulses from a gain switched TEA CO2 laser with a range of solid targets are described. Measurements using charge collector probes and soft-X-ray detectors and results of the plasma backscatter are reported for laser flux densities up to 1.2*1011 W cm-2.
We present some experiences from the development and early use of CRCMQO, a Collaborative Virtual Environment (CVE) which supports the CRC cards software design technique, implemented initially using a MQQ. After briefly describing CRC. we discuss how CRCMQQ differs from other collaborative environments for software engineering. The role-playing metaphor is discussed, followed by the results of an analysis of the CRC task and a description of how the results were incorporated into a second prototype system, this time using a graphical user interface.
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