Tunnelling and underground construction operations are often characterized by critical safety issues mainly due to poor visibility and blind spots around large vehicles and equipment. This can lead to collisions between vehicles or between vehicles and pedestrians or structural elements, causing accidents and fatalities. To improve the OS&H conditions, it is important to investigate the possible introduction of innovative techniques and technologies to reduce the occurrences and consequences of shared spaces (spaces used by both vehicles and pedestrians). For this reason, research was conducted to investigate the possible use of different technologies of anti-collision systems in tunnelling operations. First, to achieve this goal, an extensive review of the literature was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA statement to select the current techniques and technologies used by general anti-collision systems in civil and mining construction sites. Then, the operating principles, the relative advantages and disadvantages, combinations, and costs were examined for each of these. Eight types of systems and many examples of applications of anti-collision systems in underground environments were identified as a result of the analysis of the literature. Generally, it was noted that the anti-collision techniques available have found limited application in the excavation sites of underground civil works up to the present day, though the the improvement in terms of safety and efficiency would be considerable.
We study the thermal behaviour of some models in a steady periodic regime. The aim is to simulate the be-haviour of small environments at the outermost part of our planet, subjected to the periodic solar radiation. Our approach is based on a method using lumped elements or volumes that simplifies the description of spa-tially distributed physical systems, through a topology consisting of discrete entities. Our models include some parts acting as energy storage systems, made with Phase Change Materials (PCMs). The storage is based on latent heats: the energy is stored during the melting and recovered during the solidification of the PCM substance. The simulation with lumped elements shows some interesting behaviours of temperatures
This is an author version of the contribution published on:Questa è la versione dell 'autore dell'opera: Labagnara, D., Patrucco, M., Rossetti, P., Pellegrino, V., 2013 - Sciences, 70(2), 2013, 857-868, DOI 10.1007/s12665-012-2174 The definitive version is available at: La versione definitiva è disponibile alla URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12665-012-2174-1 post-print of: Labagnara et al. , 2013
AbstractThe modern approach to the design and management of tunnel excavation, and muck reuse, can be influenced to a great extent by the possible presence of rock formations containing asbestos minerals. This situation creates problems concerning the protection of the workers' health and the expectable environmental criticalities, while a drastic re-consideration of the muck destination is necessary.
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