Managing N inputs in wheat production systems is an important issue in order to achieve maximum profitable production, and minimum negative environmental impact. The aim of this investigation carried out in dry land farming in the Vojvodina province (Serbia) was to estimate the effects of different N fertilization levels (0, 75, and 150 kg N ha -1 ) on some quantitative traits, rain-use efficiency (RUE), N agronomic efficiency (NAE), and N use efficiency (NUE) in two Serbian winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars 'Pobeda' and 'Renesansa'. 'Pobeda' had higher grain yield (4437 kg . NAE and NUE declined at high N rates. Based on the results of this study, farmers should be advised that the use of large amounts of N increases production costs and reduce the economic benefits. The increase in wheat production is possible by selecting adapted genotypes with improved NUE.

Objective of this paper was to evaluate phenotypic variability of carcass side and pork quality traits of fatteners (male castrated and female heads). Investigation included 12 pigs per group of Mangalitsa (Genotype 1), Moravka (Genotype 2), cross-breed Mangalitsa with Moravka (Genotype 3) and cross-breed Moravka with Duroc boar (Genotype 4). Results show that Mangalitsa had lower daily gain (268 g) than other genotypes (p<0.001). The greatest difference for fat thickness was determined between Genotype 1 and Genotype 4. As expected, the thinnest fat and maximum value for gain and depth of Musculus longissimus (ML) had the Genotype 4. The highest value for the ML surface was found in Genotype 4(47.52 cm2) whereas for the same trait in Mangalitsa the lowest value was observed (24.16 cm2). Mangalitsa had significantly lower L*, a* and b* values of ML compared with all other groups (p<0.001). Considering the low production performance of indigenous pig breeds, crossbreeding with the Duroc breed will contribute a improvement of growth and carcass traits.

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Purpose of this paper was to determine fertility traits heritability coefficients of the sows (number of live born, total number of born, stillborn and reared piglets in the litter) and interconnections between these traits. Heritability coefficients were low and averaged in interval from h 2 = 0,056 for number of reared piglets in litter to h 2 = 0,142 for total number of born piglets in litter, which is in accordance with heritability values for reproductive traits. Genetic interconnections of these traits had wide variation interval and averaged from r =-0,221 between number of still born and reared piglets in litter to r = 0,947 between total number of born and number of live born piglets in litter. Coefficients of phenotype correlation varied in interval from r =-0,162 between number of still born and number of live born piglets in litter to r = 0,909 between total number of born and number of live born piglets in litter.

Indigenous breeds of pigs are adapted to the specific areas in which they were created. In terms of scientific substantiation, their production potential and the products obtained from them are, as in the case of Moravka pig, practically untapped. The main objective of the present chapter is to present history and current status of this breed, breeding area, its performance, production systems and main products from this local breed of pigs. Reproductive traits were estimated by means of sow age at first farrowing, litter size, weaning weight, duration of lactation and length of the farrowing interval. Growth performance was estimated by means of average daily gain and average daily feed intake in the early, middle, late and overall fattening stage. Carcass performance was evaluated by means of slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, carcass yield, lean meat content, loin eye area, the back fat thickness at the level of the last rib and withers and the back fat and muscle thickness above the gluteus medius muscle. Meat quality traits of the longissimus muscle were evaluated by means of pH at 45 min and 24 h after slaughter, objective colour (CIE L*, a* b*), intra muscular fat content and fatty acid content of intramuscular fat.