This chapter reviews the development of solutions related to the practical implementation of electronic tongue sensor arrays. Some of these solutions are associated with the use of data from different instrumentation and acquisition systems, which may vary depending on the type of data collected, the use and development of data pre-processing strategies, and their subsequent analysis through the development of pattern recognition methodologies. Most of the time, these methodologies for signal processing are composed of stages for feature selection, feature extraction, and finally, classification or regression through a machine learning algorithm.
Nowadays, engineering is working side by side with medical sciences to design and create devices which could help to improve medical processes. Physiotherapy is one of the areas of medicine in which engineering is working. There, several devices aimed to enhance and assist therapies are being studied and developed. Mechanics and electronics engineering together with physiotherapy are developing exoskeletons, which are electromechanical devices attached to limbs which could help the user to move or correct the movement of the given limbs, providing automatic therapies with flexible and configurable programs to improve the autonomy and fit the needs of each patient. Exoskeletons can enhance the effectiveness of physiotherapy and reduce patient rehabilitation time. As a contribution, this paper proposes a dynamic model for two degrees of freedom (2 DOF) leg exoskeleton acting over the knee and ankle to treat people with partial disability in lower limbs. This model has the advantage that it can be adapted for any person using the variables of mass and height, converting it into a flexible alternative for calculating the exoskeleton dynamics very quickly and adapting them easily for a child's or young adult's body. In addition, this paper includes the linearization of the model and an analysis of its respective observability and controllability, as preliminary study for control strategies applications.
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