Limited reference values exist for visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass measured by DXA. The objectives of this study were to provide reference values for DXA-derived VAT mass and compare the association with anthropometry measures. The study cohort comprised 677 men and 738 women aged 18–65 years from Western Australia. Whole-body scans using a GE Lunar iDXA and anthropometry measures were collected. Reference percentile data were stratified by sex and age. Correlation analysis compared DXA-derived and anthropometry variables. Specificity, sensitivity, and Youden’s Index were used to evaluate the ability of anthropometric thresholds to predict individuals with high VAT. In men, waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio, and waist-height ratio (WHtR) had ‘high’ correlations with VAT mass. In women, only WHtR was ‘highly’ correlated with VAT mass. Overweight thresholds for WC, along with a body mass index of 25.0 kg/m2 in women, had the highest combination of sensitivity and specificity when using anthropometry measures to identify individuals with high VAT mass. We provide the first reference data sets for DXA-derived VAT mass among Western Australians. Excessive VAT mass may be identified in men using the overweight WC threshold and in women using both the overweight BMI and WC thresholds.

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Smartphone applications (SPA) now offer the ability to provide accessible in-home monitoring of relevant individual health biomarkers. Previous cross-sectional validations of similar technologies have reported acceptable accuracy with high-grade body composition assessments; this research assessed longitudinal agreement of a novel SPA across a self-managed weight loss intervention of 38 participants (21 males, 17 females). Estimations of body mass (BM), body fat percentage (BF%), fat-free mass (FFM), and waist circumference (WC) from the SPA were compared with ground-truth (GT) measures from a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanner and expert technician measurement. Small mean differences (MD) and standard estimate of error (SEE) were observed between method deltas (ΔBM: MD = 0.12 kg, SEE = 2.82 kg; ΔBF%: MD = 0.06 %, SEE = 1.65 %; ΔFFM: MD = 0.17 kg, SEE = 1.65 kg; ΔWC: MD = 1.16 cm, SEE = 2.52 cm). Correlation coefficient concordance (CCC) assessed longitudinal agreement between the SPA and GT methods, with moderate concordance (CCC: 0.55 – 0.73) observed for all measures. The novel SPA may not be interchangeable with high-accuracy medical scanning methods, yet offers significant benefits in cost, accessibility, and user comfort, in conjunction with the ability to monitor body shape and composition estimates over time.