The LHCb experiment is dedicated to precision measurements of CP violation and rare decays of B hadrons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN (Geneva). The initial configuration and expected performance of the detector and associated systems, as established by test beam measurements and simulation studies, is described.
A narrow pentaquark state, P c ð4312Þ þ , decaying to J=ψp, is discovered with a statistical significance of 7.3σ in a data sample of Λ 0 b → J=ψpK − decays, which is an order of magnitude larger than that previously analyzed by the LHCb Collaboration. The P c ð4450Þ þ pentaquark structure formerly reported by LHCb is confirmed and observed to consist of two narrow overlapping peaks, P c ð4440Þ þ and P c ð4457Þ þ , where the statistical significance of this two-peak interpretation is 5.4σ. The proximity of the Σ þ cD 0 and Σ þ cD Ã0 thresholds to the observed narrow peaks suggests that they play an important role in the dynamics of these states.
A test of lepton universality, performed by measuring the ratio of the branching fractions of the B 0 → K * 0 µ + µ − and B 0 → K * 0 e + e − decays, R K * 0 , is presented. The K * 0 meson is reconstructed in the final state K + π − , which is required to have an invariant mass within 100 MeV/c 2 of the known K * (892) 0 mass. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 3 fb −1 , collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The ratio is measured in two regions of the dilepton invariant mass squared, q 2 , to be− 0.07 (stat) ± 0.03 (syst) for 0.045 < q 2 < 1.1 GeV 2 /c 4 , 0.69 + 0.11 − 0.07 (stat) ± 0.05 (syst) for 1.1 < q 2 < 6.0 GeV 2 /c 4 .The corresponding 95.4% confidence level intervals are [0.52, 0.89] and [0.53, 0.94]. The results, which represent the most precise measurements of R K * 0 to date, are compatible with the Standard Model expectations at the level of 2.1-2.3 and 2.4-2.5 standard deviations in the two q 2 regions, respectively.
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