Giza 179 Egyptian rice cultivar was grown at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, in 2014 and 2015 seasons; to study the influence of Cyanobacteria and Azospirillum as bio-fertilizer, foliar spraying with solution of simulative compounds (ascobein , humic acid and water) and three nitrogen levels (100%, 75% and 50% of the recommended chemical nitrogen fertilizer,69 kg N fed-1) on growth, yield attributes, yield and grain quality. The results show a positive effect of chemical N rate, biofertilizer and simulative compounds on crop growth rate (CGR), panicle numbers m-2 , 1000-grain weight, chemical ccompositions into milled grain such as protein and nitrogen content as well as grain and straw yields. Combination of 75% of chemical nitrogen fertilizer along with any biofertilizer or stimulating compounds were statistically at par with any combination containing the recommended nitrogen fertilizer (100% N) in the most of previous characters. Thus, it concluded that the application Cyanobacteria or Azospirillum with ascobien with humic acid as stimulating compounds as well as 75% of the recommended nitrogen dose could be used successfully to achieve optimum grain yield of Giza 179 Egyptian rice cultivar with saving 25 % of N fertilizer.
We propose an entity tagger for Indonesian tweets sent during labor strike events using supervised learning methods.
Due to the rapid growth in world population, the pressure on water resources to feed the growing population is increasing. The Nile water share of Sudan is almost exploited; and agricultural production by rained water is threatened by the pressure of climate change. It is inevitable that the production per unit water consumed, the water productivity, must be increased to meet this challenge. This research therefore focuses on the benchmarking of physical water productivity in rain fed areas and gaining a better understanding of the temporal and spatial variations and the scope for possible improvement. A review of the available records and sources that provide measurements of crop-water productivity was consulted to assess plausible ranges of water productivity levels for rain fed Sorghum crop and to provide a first explanation for the differences that are found using AQUACROP model. As such this study may be considered as crucial step was to establish a water productivity database for the rain fed sorghum crop in the country. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) which is the most important cereal crop in Sudan has been constrained by the detrimental effect of drought which has often caused food shortages. Almost 90% of the total sorghum cropped area is rain-fed, and 60% of that is in drought prone soil conditions. Spatial information on water use, crop production and water productivity will play a vital role for water managers to assess where scarce water resources are wasted and where in a given region the water productivity can be improved. Hence, a methodology has been developed in this study to quantify spatial variation of crop yield, evapotranspiration and water productivity using the AQUACROP model in five stations. The AQUACROP model is used to investigate optimum sowing date that result in maximization of grain yield.Benchmarking of rain fed Sorghum actual and potential grain efficiency in different agro-climate zones was made for the year 1979 to 2013. AQUACROP model was applied at five locations (Gedaref, Damazin, Dalang, El Fashir, and El Obyied) each representing an agro-climate zone. Causes of poor yield performance were investigated and consequently measures needed to improve performance were identified. The study indicates that increase in sorghum yields under historical climate conditions in the different studied stations is possible when early sowing is used and initial rain showers are utilized, yield decrease by 43% when sowing date is delayed from July 15 (the recommended date) to August 1. Stations with high rain fall (Damazin, Gadaref and Dalang) show little variations in inter-annual yields but with a tendency towards high yields, 3536, 3741, 3737 kg/fed for the above stations respectively compared to 2266 and 1086 kg/fed for El Obyied and El Fashir respectively at 15 June. The obtained WUE is lower in the driest regions (El Fashir, and El Obyied) and higher for those of high rain fall. To aid decision makers and crop growers in rain fed areas a set of recommendations for poli...
Two field experiments were carried out during two summer seasons 2001 and 2002 at the experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh, Tanta University to study the effect of [bio fertilizer notroben + phosphorus]with levels of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on yield and its components of maize plants of cultivar [single cross 10]. The results obtained could be summarized as follows A-Nitrogen levels plus notroben: 1-Addition of high dose of nitrogen [120 kg N/fed] alone caused a significant effect on ear length, straw yield /fed in ton, grain yield/plant in gm and feddan in ardab and crude protein percentage. 2-Addition of 60 kg N/fed plus notroben results in a significant increase in weight of 100 kernels.. 3-Nitogen levels [90 kg N/fed] plus notroben caused a significant increase in shelling percentage seed index, straw yield /fed in ton and grain yield per plant in gm and per fed Dan in ardab 4-120 kg N/fed plus notroben resulted in a significant effect on ear length, shelling percentage, grain yield per plant in gm or per fed Dan in ardab, crude protein percentage, straw yield /fed in ton and seed index.. B-Phosphorus levels plus phosphoren: 1-15 kg P2O5/fed alone caused a significant increase in shelling percentage and seed index 3-7.5 kg P2O5/fed plus phosphoren gave the significant increase in grain yield per fed Dan in ton, seed index, protein percentage and ear length, straw yield (ton/fed.). 4-15kg P2O5/fed plus phosphoren resulted in a significant increase in ear length, grain yield in ardab or ton, straw yield /fed in ton and crude protein percentage.. C-Interaction effect:The significant interaction was found on straw yield /fed in ton, ear length, grain yield per plant in gm or in ardab or ton and seed index. From the obtained results, it could be recommended that the use of bio fertilizer to minimize the chemical nitrogen fertilizer, reduced the costs of production and pollution which could be occurred be excessive use of chemical fertilizer.
Two field experiments were conducted at Water Management Research Station at El-Karada, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt, during 2009 and 2010 seasons, to study the effect of three planting patterns on productivity of three rice cultivars (Sakha101, Sakha105 and Hybrid 1) and some water relations. Rice seedling were transplanted in hills with the optimum plant population (25hills/m 2) and distributed on flat soil (Traditional method), two sides of 60 cm ridges and two sides of 80 cm beds. The three rice cultivars exhibited significant differences in grain and straw yields in both seasons. The Hybrid 1 cultivar out-yielded the other two cultivars in the two seasons. There was no significant difference in grain and straw yields between Sakha101, Sakha105 cultivars. However, the three rice cultivars did not differ in harvest index in both seasons. Planting methods had no significant effect on grain yield, straw yield and harvest index in the two seasons. Although, beds pattern was equivalent to traditional method in grain yield, beds pattern was lower in amount of applied irrigation water and it saved 2790 and 2501 m 3 /fed applied water than the traditional method in the two seasons. Water application efficiency for grain yield was increased by application of beds irrigations compared with traditional irrigation. The cultivar Sakha105 recorded the lowest amount of applied irrigation water at any planting patterns. The cultivar hybrid1 transplanted on beds recorded the highest water use efficiency in both seasons. It can be concluded that transplanting the rice cultivar " hybrid1" on two sides of 80 cm beds was the recommended for optimum grain yield with less amount of applied irrigation water at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. Ahmed, A. A. and M. E. Meleha (2012). Response of rice productivity to mineral and organic fertilizers under two planting methods .
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