Objectives: This study was designed to understand consumer interest in a mobile application designed to allow individuals to view their personal health record on a mobile device, and to share their health records with someone else if they choose. As a secondary objective, this study evaluated the likelihood of consumers to use the device based on the varying risk of a leak of their identifiable information (risk tolerance). MethOds: A representative (U.S.) sample of 1,000 adults completed an online survey about their interest in an EHR mobile application. Interest in the application was elucidating using a 7-point Likert scale and a standard gamble (SG) exercise. Results: Prior to any indication of a potential privacy risk, 31% of consumers indicate they would be very likely to download an EHR mobile application (rated 6 or 7 on 7-point Likert scale; 4.0 mean). Nearly half (44%) of those who do not expect to use the app indicate they have privacy concerns. Based on the SG, only 50% report they would download the mobile application if there was a 95% chance their data was completely secure. Expected use of the application declines rapidly; 39% would use it if there was a 90% chance their data was completely secure and 31% would use it if there was an 85% chance their data was completely secure. Only 3% are still interested in the application with only a 5% chance their data was completely secure. cOnclusiOns: There is a sizeable market for EHR mobile applications. Up to half of consumers report interest in using an EHR mobile application; and yet, there are important data concerns. Particularly given largescale data breaches of large organizations, it will be critical for developers to quell fears of potential users of a data leak.

The aims of this study were to examine the changes in plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines induced by training and competition in professional cyclists. We report the serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), tumour necrosis factor receptors I and II (TNFR-I and -II) in a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial involving the administration of AM3 (Inmunoferon), an oral booster immunomodulator, or placebo to 16 professional cyclists (n = 8 in each group) for 65 consecutive days. Serum was collected just before treatment began (baseline), at the end of pre-competition training, before the mountain stage of the competition (60 days), 4 h after finishing this stage (62 days), and 18 h after the fifth and last day of competition (65 days). To determine the normal levels of cytokines and soluble TNF receptors, individual samples from 14 moderately trained healthy controls were studied. After 60 days of training, the serum concentrations of IL-6 did not differ significantly from those at the beginning of the study for either group of cyclists (placebo and AM3). A significant rise was seen in IL-6 concentrations in both the AM3 and placebo groups at 62 days, 4 h after finishing the mountain stage. The increase was significantly greater in the placebo group than in the AM3 group. At 65 days of treatment, 18 h after the fifth and last day of competition, IL-6 concentrations were similar to those recorded at the end of the training, but were significantly higher in the placebo group than in the AM3 group. At the end of training, serum TNFR-I concentrations in both groups of cyclists were significantly lower than at baseline. The concentrations of serum TNFR-I and -II both 4 h after finishing the mountain stage and 18 h after the fifth and last day of competition were significantly higher than those recorded after training in both groups. Professional cycling competition is associated with increases in serum IL-6 and TNFR-I and -II concentrations. Inmunoferon treatment reduced significantly the concentrations of IL-6 but not those of TNFR-I and -II.

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