Measles is an extremely contagious viral disease. Even though a safe vaccine exists for this disease, it remains one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in infants and young children. We aimed to create a retrospective descriptive study in which to analyze the evolution of the measles epidemic at the European level. The documentation was carried out using European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) statistics. At the same time, we present the epidemic's evolution in Romania, using data provided by the Romanian National Institute of Public Health and Ministry of Health. European statistical data indicate a high number of patients diagnosed with measles both among children and adults. All European countries benefit from the measles vaccination in the form of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) trivaccine included in their National Vaccination Programme. The vaccination schedule varies from country to country. In the vaccination scheme, most European countries include two doses of the MMR vaccine among the pediatric population. Romania registered a limited number of cases of measles between 1980 and 2015 following the introduction of the measles vaccination in the National Vaccination Programme. Since 2005, the Romanian vaccination schedule includes two doses of MMR trivaccine, administered at 12 months and at 6-7 years. After 2015, as a result of a significant decrease in the number of vaccinated children, Romania is facing a major increase in the cases of measles. Consecutively, a measles epidemic was declared in 2016 and an additional dose of mandatory MMR trivaccine was introduced at the age of 9 months. After 4 years of this schedule of administration, starting with August 2020, the additional dose of MMR administered during infancy has been discontinued. We propose an analysis of the factors that influenced the downward evolution of the measles epidemic in Romania at the beginning of the third millennium. Issues related to the limitation of interpersonal contact in the context of the social distancing imposed by the Sars-CoV-2 virus pandemic are discussed. We consider necessary a detailed documentation of the percentage of new disease cases that will appear in the pediatric population in the near future, in the context of the resumption of daily activity after the reopening of nurseries, kindergartens and schools.
unavoidable. The positive identification of the aeroallergen that is responsible for allergic rhinitis symptoms is of great importance for choosing the right therapeutic approach.
Objectives and studyCow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) has increased in prevalence in recent years. CMPA becomes a public health problem in terms of the impact it has on the child and family. Allergy to cow’s milk protein is characterised by clinical polymorphism, that is why it is sometimes difficult to diagnose, especially in primary care services. To facilitate this process, we intend to bring into clinical care some possible portraits of the patients with CMPA.We described a retrospective study, analysing the records of patients admitted to Children’s Hospital ’Dr. Victor Gomoiu ‘and diagnosed with APLV in the period January 2013 – December 2016.MethodsDuring the study were analysed the observation charts of patients hospitalised in the paediatric clinic who were diagnosed with CMPA. The parameters analysed were age, gender, reasons for hospitalisation, personal history, family history of allergies/atopy, type of nutrition in the postnatal period and time of diversification, anthropometric data of stature-weight development, laboratory tests. The study included 110 patients aged between 1–174 months (14 years 6 months), of which 56.4% are female and 43.6% male. 36.46% patients diagnosed with CMP are infants, 34.54% are preschoolers and 20% are schoolchildren.ResultsBy analysing the parameters mentioned we shaped patterns correlated with patients age: for example, infant with CMPA have digestive symptoms and unsatisfying weight curve, atopic dermatitis, they are artificially fed with a family history of atopy.ConclusionCMPA is a polymorphic entity, both by the symptoms and by the wide range of age of patients with this condition. Thus shaping clinical profiles could ease diagnosing CMPA and can become a useful tool especially in primary care.
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