Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) remain a major clinical problem in terms of morbidity, mortality, and hospital costs. Nearly 60% of SSI diagnosis occur in the postdischarge period. However, literature provides little information on risk factors associated to in-hospital and postdischarge SSI occurrence. A national prospective multicenter study was conducted with the aim of assessing the incidence of both in-hospital and postdisharge SSI, and the associated risk factors.
The purpose of this study is to compare the results of 2 techniques, tension band wiring (TBW) and fixation with screws, in olecranon fractures in children affected with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type I. Between 2010 and 2014, 21 olecranon fractures in 18 children with OI (average age: 12 years old) were treated surgically. Ten patients were treated with the screw fixation and 11 with TBW. A total of 65% of olecranon fractures occurred as a result of a spontaneous avulsion of the olecranon during the contraction of the triceps muscle. The average follow-up was 36 months. Among the children treated with 1 screw, 5 patients needed a surgical revision with TBW due to a mobilization of the screw. In this group, the satisfactory results were 50%. In patients treated with TBW, the satisfactory results were 100% of the cases. The average Z-score, the last one recorded in the patients before the trauma, was −2.53 in patients treated with screw fixation and −2.04 in those treated with TBW. TBW represents the safest surgical treatment for patients suffering from OI type I, as it helps to prevent the rigidity of the elbow through an earlier recovery of the range of motion, and there was no loosening of the implant. In analyzing the average Z-score before any fracture, the fixation with screws has an increased risk of failure in combination with low bone mineral density.
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare, both clinically and roentgenographically, 62 extension-type supracondylar fractures on the basis of the synthesis method and severity of the fracture, with a mean follow-up of 4 years and 3 months. Range of motion, axial alignment of the elbow, muscle strength, and joint stability were estimated and the Mayo Elbow Performance Index and the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument questionnaire were used. Furthermore, we took radiographic measurements (Baumann's angle, humero-capitellar angle, and lateral rotational percentage). According to Flynn criteria, the clinical outcome of all our patients was satisfactory. According to the results of the questionnaires, no patients has reported any disabling limitation of the elbow function. Radiographic study proved a greater capacity of remodeling in the sagittal plane compared with the frontal one, irrespective of severity of fracture assessed by the Gartland classification. Statistical analysis stressed the validity of postoperative Baumann's angle as a predictor of final carrying angle. With regard to the synthesis method, the best way to approach Gartland II fractures proved to be by closed reduction and percutaneous pinning; the use of a third Kirschner wire in the treatment of Gartland III fractures did not lead to a better result. To conclude, remodeling positively influenced the clinical outcome, however, irrespective of synthesis method and severity of the fracture, we should pay more attention to the adequacy of reduction in frontal plane than in the sagittal one, for which a greater capacity of remodeling was proved.
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