Despite their potential application in lithium-ion battery electrodes, one apparent disadvantage for SnO 2based materials is that the electrodes sufferlow coulombic efficiency especially for the initial cycle, which originates from the irreversible conversion of SnO 2 to Sn, the formation of solid electrolyte interphase and the other possible side reactions. Here we design a novel nanofiber structure in which SnO 2 nanoparticles are well separated and confined by inner porous carbon framework and then hooped by outer carbon shell. The resultant SnO 2 /voids@C nanofibers electrode displays not only a high reversible capacity of 986mAh g-1 at 200 mA g-1 after 200 cycles, but also a high initial coulombic efficiency of 73.5%.It has been shown that such a rational design can efficiently reduce the side reactions and promote the reversible conversion of Sn to SnO 2 for both half and full cells.
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