Extracting
salinity gradient energy through a nanomembrane is an
efficient way to obtain clean and renewable energy. However, the membranes
with undesirable properties, such as low stability, high internal
resistance, and low selectivity, would limit the output performance.
Herein, we report two-dimensional (2D) laminar nanochannels in the
hybrid Ti3C2T
x
MXene/boron
nitride (MXBN) membrane with excellent stability and reduced internal
resistance for enhanced salinity gradient energy harvesting. The internal
resistance of the MXBN membrane is significantly reduced after adding
BN in a pristine MXene membrane, due to the small size and high surface
charge density of BN nanosheets. The output power density of the MXBN
membrane with 44 wt % BN nanosheets reaches 2.3 W/m2, almost
twice that of a pristine MXene membrane. Besides, the output power
density can be further increased to 6.2 W/m2 at 336 K and
stabilizes for 10 h at 321 K, revealing excellent structure stability
of the membrane in long-term aqueous conditions. This work presents
a feasible method for improving the channel properties, which provides
2D layered composite membranes in ion transport, energy extraction,
and other nanofluidic applications.
High‐efficiency lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries depend on an advanced electrode structure that can attain high sulfur utilization at lean‐electrolyte conditions and minimum amount of lithium. Herein, a twinborn holey Nb4N5–Nb2O5 heterostructure is designed as a dual‐functional host for both redox–kinetics–accelerated sulfur cathode and dendrite‐inhibited lithium anode simultaneously for long‐cycling and lean‐electrolyte Li–S full batteries. Benefiting from the accelerative polysulfides anchoring–diffusion–converting efficiency of Nb4N5–Nb2O5, polysulfide‐shutting is significantly alleviated. Meanwhile, the lithiophilic nature of holey Nb4N5–Nb2O5 is applied as an ion‐redistributor for homogeneous Li‐ion deposition. Taking advantage of these merits, the Li–S full batteries present excellent electrochemical properties, including a minimum capacity decay rate of 0.025% per cycle, and a high areal capacity of 5.0 mAh cm−2 at sulfur loading of 6.9 mg cm−2, corresponding to negative to positive capacity ratio of 2.4:1 and electrolyte to sulfur ratio of 5.1 µL mg−1. Therefore, this work paves a new avenue for boosting high‐performances Li–S batteries toward practical applications.
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