Investigation at a φ-factory can shed light on several debated issues in particle physics. We discuss: i) recent theoretical development and experimental progress in kaon physics relevant for the Standard Model tests in the flavor sector, ii) the sensitivity we can reach in probing CPT and Quantum Mechanics from time evolution of entangled kaon states, iii) the interest for improving on the present measurements of non-leptonic and radiative decays of kaons and η/η′ mesons, iv) the contribution to understand the nature of light scalar mesons, and v) the opportunity to search for narrow di-lepton resonances suggested by recent models proposing a hidden dark-matter sector. We also report on the e + e − physics in the continuum with the measurements of (multi)hadronic cross sections and the study of γγ processes.
The electron-positron collider DAÈNE, the Italian È factory, has been recently upgraded in order to implement an innovative collision scheme based on large crossing angle, small beam sizes at the crossing point, and compensation of beam-beam interaction by means of sextupole pairs creating a ''crab-waist'' configuration in the interaction region. Experimental tests of the novel scheme exhibited an increase by a factor of 3 in the peak luminosity of the collider with respect to the performances reached before the upgrade. In this Letter we present the new collision scheme, discuss its advantages, describe the hardware modifications realized for the upgrade, and report the results of the experimental tests carried out during commissioning of the machine in the new configuration and standard operation for the users. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.174801 PACS numbers: 29.27.Bd, 29.20.db, 29.27.Eg Pushing the luminosity of storage-ring colliders to unprecedented levels opens up unique opportunities for precision measurements of rare decay modes and extremely small cross sections, which are sensitive to new physics beyond the standard model.In high luminosity colliders with conventional collision schemes the key requirements to increase the luminosity are: very small vertical beta function y at the interaction point (IP), high beam intensity and large horizontal emittance " x and beam size x . However, y cannot be much smaller than the longitudinal rms bunch size (bunch length) z without incurring the ''hour-glass'' effect. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to shorten the bunch in a high current ring without exciting collective instabilities. Even then, the large beam current may result in high power losses, beam instabilities and dramatic increase of the wallplug power. These problems can be overcome with the recently proposed crab-waist (CW) scheme of beambeam collisions [1,2] where a substantial luminosity increase can be achieved without bunch length reduction and with moderate beam currents.The CW scheme has been successfully tested at the electron-positron collider DAÈNE, the Italian È factory [3,4] operating at the energy of 1020 MeV in the center of mass. After an upgrade including the implementation of this novel collision scheme, the specific luminosity at low beam currents has been boosted by more than a factor of 4, while the present peak luminosity is a factor of 3 higher than the maximum value obtained with the original configuration based on the standard collision scheme.The successful test has provided the opportunity to continue the DAÈNE physics program. Moreover, the advantages of the crab-waist collision scheme have triggered several collider projects exploiting its potential. In particular, physics and accelerator communities are discussing new projects of a SuperB factory [5,6] and a SuperTau-Charm factory [7] with luminosities about 2 orders of magnitude beyond those achieved at the present B-[8] and Tau-charm factories [9].In this Letter we briefly introduce the CW concept, shortly discuss ...
This paper presents the results of the observations of the detectors participating in the International Gravitational Event Collaboration ͑IGEC͒ from 1997 to 2000 and reviews the data analysis methods. The analysis is designed to search for coincident excitations in multiple detectors. The data set analyzed in this article covers a longer period and is more complete than that given in previous reports. The current analysis is more accurate for determining the false dismissal probability for a time coincidence search and it optimizes the search with respect to a target amplitude and direction of the signal. The statistics of the accidental coincidences agrees with the model used for drawing the results. The observations of this IGEC search are consistent with no detection of gravitational wave burst events. A new conservative upper limit has been set on the rate of gravitational wave bursts with a Fourier component HϾ2ϫ10 Ϫ21 Hz Ϫ1 , both for searches with and without a filter for the galactic center direction. This study confirms that the false alarm rate of the observation can be negligible when at least three detectors are operating simultaneously.
The network of resonant bar detectors of gravitational waves resumed coordinated observations within the International Gravitational Event Collaboration (IGEC-2). Four detectors are taking part in this Collaboration: ALLEGRO, AURIGA, EXPLORER and NAUTILUS. We present here the results of the search for gravitational wave bursts over 6 months during 2005, when IGEC-2 was the only gravitational wave observatory in operation. The implemented network data analysis is based on a time coincidence search among AURIGA, EXPLORER and NAUTILUS; ALLEGRO data was reserved for follow-up studies. The network amplitude sensitivity to bursts improved by a factor 3 over the 1997-2000 IGEC observations; the wider sensitive band also allowed the analysis to be tuned over a larger class of waveforms. Given the higher single-detector duty factors, the analysis was based on threefold coincidence, to ensure the identification of any single candidate of gravitational waves with high statistical confidence. The false detection rate was as low as 1 per century. No candidates were found.
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