Dysglycemia, in this survey defined as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or type 2 diabetes, is common in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and associated with an unfavorable prognosis. This European survey investigated dysglycemia screening and risk factor management of patients with CAD in relation to standards of European guidelines for cardiovascular subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The European Society of Cardiology's European Observational Research Programme (ESC EORP) European Action on Secondary and Primary Prevention by Intervention to Reduce Events (EUROASPIRE) V (2016-2017) included 8,261 CAD patients, aged 18-80 years, from 27 countries. If the glycemic state was unknown, patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and measurement of glycated hemoglobin A 1c. Lifestyle, risk factors, and pharmacological management were investigated. RESULTS A total of 2,452 patients (29.7%) had known diabetes. OGTT was performed in 4,440 patients with unknown glycemic state, of whom 41.1% were dysglycemic. Without the OGTT, 30% of patients with type 2 diabetes and 70% of those with IGT would not have been detected. The presence of dysglycemia almost doubled from that selfreported to the true proportion after screening. Only approximately one-third of all coronary patients had completely normal glucose metabolism. Of patients with known diabetes, 31% had been advised to attend a diabetes clinic, and only 24% attended. Only 58% of dysglycemic patients were prescribed all cardioprotective drugs, and use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (3%) or glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (1%) was small. CONCLUSIONS Urgent action is required for both screening and management of patients with CAD and dysglycemia, in the expectation of a substantial reduction in risk of further cardiovascular events and in complications of diabetes, as well as longer life expectancy.

Fast technology development over the past decade as well as changes in practical echocardiography (EchoCG) lead to have given rise to a need in the update of previous guidelines for cardiac chambers quantification, which was the aim of this publication by working group of the Association of Cardiovascular Surgeons of Ukraine and Ukrainian Society of Cardiology. This paper provides up-to-date evidence-based data regarding reference ranges for all cardiac chambers, including available data regarding 3D-echocardiography and myocardial deformation (strain), based on the wide range of studies of healthy individuals found in many databases in healthy individuals. In addition, this document contains an attempt to adjust several minor controversies from previous guidelines. This document is based on “Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An Update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging” (2015) adapted according to the local peculiarities and printed abridged. Full content of “Cardiac Chamber Quantifica-tion by Echocardiography in Adults: Recommendations from the Association of Cardiovascular Surgeons of Ukraine and Ukrainian Society of Cardiology” is available online at the official Website https://amosovinstitute.org.ua of the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the NAMS of Ukraine. This paper contains key recommendations, reference ranges and quantification methods in pictures and tables.

Зважаючи на негайну необхідність стандартизації візуалізації деформації міо-карда (стрейну) в 2010 році Європейська асоціація з ехокардіографії (ЕхоКГ) (нині – Євро-пейська асоціація серцево-судинної візуалізації, EACVI) та Американське товариство з ЕхоКГ (ASE) вперше запросили технічних представників усіх зацікавлених постачальників для участі в загальному проекті з метою концентрації зусиль на зниженні варіабельності вимірювань стрейнів за даними різних виробників програмного забезпечення. Результатом цієї роботи став сумісний ініціативний документ EACVI, ASE та виробників програмного забезпечення, опублікований у 2015 році [1], що забезпечував відповідні загальноприйняті визначення, назви, абревіатури, формули вимірювань і процедури розрахунків фізичних даних, що отри-муються за результатами спекл-трекінг ЕхоКГ (СТЕ), та на сьогодні вже став загальним міжна-родним стандартом. Цей документ є адаптацією сучасного досвіду з СТЕ робочої групи з СТЕ Асоціації серцево-судинних хірургів України та Українського товариства кардіологів з ураху-ванням місцевого досвіду.

Background. Implementation of conduction system permanent pacing methods in patients with cardiac bradyarrhythmias allows to maintain the physiological sequence of excitation and contraction of the ventricles and to avoid the development of heart failure due to electrical and mechanical dyssynchrony in patients with high rates of ventricular pacing. Case description. A 61-year-old female patient was examined and treated at the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine from January 25 to January 27, 2022 at the department of surgical treatment of complex cardiac arrhythmias with a diagnosis of proximal complete atrioventricular block. A two-chamber pacemaker (Vitatron Q50A2) with a ventricular lead to stimulate the His bundle region (Medtronic 3830, 69 cm) was implanted to the patient with a special delivery system (C315HIS). At an X-ray operating room, 12 ECG leads from the electrophysiological station LabSystem Pro (Bard, USA) were connected to the patient to analyze the criteria for capturing the conduction system on stimulation during ventricular lead placement, and a diagnostic quadripolar electrode was inserted into the right ventricle to record the potential of the His bundle as an X-ray reference point. During placement of the ventricular lead in the area of the His bundle due to high pacing thresholds the decision was made to implement an alternative method of conduction system pacing – left bundle branch pacing through the interventricular septum. After gradual passage of the electrode through the septum, capture of the conduction system of the heart was achieved, although no clear potential of the left bundle was registered. The interval from stimulus to peak R wave in lead V6 was 68 ms, and the interval from stimulus to peak R wave in lead V1 was 110 ms. The difference between intervals was 42 ms, which indicated the criteria of nonselective capture of the left bundle branch, with stimulation thresholds below 1 V at a pulse length of 0.5 ms. In the postoperative period, the patient was evaluated for global longitudinal deformity of the left ventricle on constant ventricular stimulation, which was carried out according to standard methods using speckle-tracking echocardiography; no signs of dyssynchrony were found. Also, the location of the endocardial electrode in the middle segments of the interventricular septum on the right ventricular side was visualized and confirmed by performing B-mode transthoracic echocardiography with subcostal access. Conclusions. Left bundle branch pacing, like His bundle pacing, maintains electrical and mechanical synchrony of the left ventricle at lower pacing thresholds, greater amplitude of the sensitivity signal and lower risks of lead dislocation.